HomeMy WebLinkAbout01 - Appendix KAPPENDIX K
FIRE PROTECTION
8866 Saint Anthony Court, Elk Grove, CA 95624
916- 689 -5363
May 25, 2010
To: Fire Chief Steve Parker
From: Ronny J. Coleman and Mike Price
Subject: Study to Evaluate Impact on Fire Department Response Times due
to the Relocation of Existing Fire Station
Executive Summary
This report evaluates the Newport Beach Fire Department coverage in a specific study
area. This report was written in support of the potential decision to relocate fire station 2.
The report also addresses the impact of three potential sites for enhancing coverage of
an area soon to be developed in the city. The report outlines the following: the purpose
and background of the project, definition of the study area, methodology employed, map
descriptions, recommendations and references.
This report contains recommendations that include:
1. We are recommending that fire station 2 be relocated to a more strategic site in its
existing general area. We are proposing that the station be re -built on the City
Hall property when it is re- developed. The recommendation is that the station be
placed on the opposite side of the property from its current location. Its new
location would be on the main boulevard. This is defined as station site 2C.
2. With respect to the two remaining sites, the site defined as 2A is more desirable
than 26 for serving the overall area. Site 2A does have the effect of pulling the
center of the stations response area further away from a traditional high value
district which is a negative influence.
1
3. Fire station site 2B is the least desirable from an overall distribution basis. This
location positions the station in such a manner that it affects the net gains and
losses of the department in a negative way and is not being recommended for
further consideration.
This map illustrates the coverage provided by the proposed site 2C.
The fire station coverage attributes are explained thoroughly in the analysis of the
existing and proposed sites in this report. This station site provides the best overall
distribution for the City of Newport Beach to protect both existing and newly developed
areas.
E
Purpose
The purpose of this report is to provide written documentation that evaluates existing fire
station sites and three potential locations for future stations. This report also evaluates
the coverage into a proposed new development area to determine whether the Newport
--Beach-Fire-Department-is likely to achieve its goals for distribution; consistent with
response time standards found in the 2010 Edition of the NFPA Standard 1710.
Background
The City of Newport Beach has adopted the response time goals contained in NFPA
1710. According to that document, Section 5.2.4.1.1 "the fire departments fire
suppression resources shall be deployed to provide for the arrival of an engine company
within a 240 - second travel time to 90 percent of the incidents as established in Chapter
4 ".
Furthermore, Section 4.1.2.1 establishes the following objectives:
1. Alarm handling time to be completed in accordance with 4.1.2.3
2. 80 seconds for turnout time for fire.and special operations response and 60
seconds turnout time for EMS response
3. 240 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of the first arriving engine
company at a fire suppression incident and 480 seconds or less travel time
for the deployment of an initial full alarm assignment at a fire suppression
incident
4. 240 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of a unit with first responder
with automatic external defibrillator (AED) or higher level capability at an
emergency medical incident.
5. 480 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of an advanced life support
(ALS) unit at an emergency medical incident, where this service is provided
by the fire department provided a first responder with AED or basic life
support (BLS) unit arrived in 240 seconds or less travel time.
3
Notably, this standard is intended to apply to a structure fire in a typical 2000 square
foot, 2 -story, single family dwelling. This risk level appears to be consistent with the
nature of the new development for the majority of the area to be protected.
Annexation
The City intends to annex a portion of land known as the "Newport Banning Ranch"
(NBR). The NBR is a property that extends from the West Coast Highway in Newport
Beach north to approximately 19'h Street in Costa Mesa. The southeastern portion of
the development is approx 400 feet west to the intersection of Superior and West Coast
Highway. This description assumes a change in city boundaries upon completion of
annexation.
The developers of NBR intended to construct 1,375 residential units, homes, a resort
hotel that consists of 75 rooms and 75,000 square feet of commercial occupancies on
97.1 acres of land. Using the California Average Population Density per single - family
dwelling of 2.5, this will add an additional 3,438 people to be protected. The presence of
a resort will add a transient population that will be dependent upon the capacity of any
hotel or other housing facility or commercial structure. For purposes of this report, we
are assuming an occupant load that would raise the protected population to 4,000. The
Newport Beach Fire Department's last year's response call workload was 8,472 calls.
Based on your city's current population of 86,000, that results in an average of 96 calls
per 1,000 population. This is within the range of the statewide average of between 90-
100 calls per thousand. The addition of this population is anticipated to raise the call
workload specifically to station 2's area by an additional 384 calls per annum.
12
Figure 1 • Proposed Banning Development and Residences
ewport Banning Ranch Development
AYR Newport Beach, CA
owwa,y. Mapped Dwellings
Proposed Development Blocks
Residency Summary by Block
ML'R.ISI
;•'W'I3� YO59TF -0 Owlfirge
Newport Beach�f %,,.°
Fke sumns
■ 6wnp
• Mapped Dewlknps • . '. i.. .'yN es;
QBannlna Ranch Development 'D'wruiys Rr'MRe
Dw pe*M Blocks
QbwDw \YY R.eldenW YSRiR. fW PYO osetl 2A
Qbwal.Wen Dray Rawdx,d� Dw.wl.y.
QY.MUn .' R R.etlenY /a
QM4ed Uv / .eM.rea �
w4
mop . i Rs N
Q Rw, Rywu
n Me eee BW I,Rq 1, L000 f.
C]Newport Beach
This map illustrates the development plan in the Banning Ranch Development. The map
illustrates our assessment of the location, distribution and concentration of the
development blocks. Each dot on the map represents a mapped dwelling. According to
our assessment of the development blocks, the Banning Development will generate
within its boundary an estimated 4,000 persons living, working or visiting in the area in
dwelling occupancies.
The legend provides for the potential location of the various occupancy types. This map
was digitized so that we could evaluate the road network in the Banning tract. The
digitized roads were provided by the City of Newport Beach GIS department. There is a
constraint on the location of future structures because of an underlying inundation map.
But this zone does not limit the fire departments response needs because this area may
involve emergency medical services calls especially those associated with hiking, biking
and open space oriented incidents.
6
Study Area
The study area for this analysis only involves fire stations 1, 2 and 6. All of the proposed
sites are within fire station 2's current response area. The remaining fire stations in
Newport Beach's inventory were not mapped, nor analyzed. In order to define the study
area as closely as possible, the map boundaries were clipped to avoid creating response
polygons - that - were - related -to- stations - outside -of- the -study -area— For -exa mp le– station -6
boundary was limited to the San Diego drainage and the Back Bay. The maps were also
clipped to Costa Mesa's boundaries. It is recognized that there is an automatic aid
agreement in effect in this area, but for the purposes of this study automatic aid was not
included as a factor.
The primary station for assessment of current conditions is station 2, commonly called
"Lido Fire Station" located at 475 32nd Street. This station is approximately 60 years old
and does not meet current seismic standards. It is due to be demolished in the future.
Metlhodollogy
Information was obtained from the City's GIS department', and records obtained from
the ISO regarding basic fire flow. The computer assisted dispatch (CAD) system
provided actual response travel time and incident types. Other data layers were obtained
from the City of Newport Beach GIS Department.
This data was utilized in an ARC View Mapping program, which resulted in the
development of maps illustrated in this report. A series of maps were developed to
evaluate the various factors associated with each option under consideration. This
included establishing a baseline of coverage as it currently exists.
Fire station coverage in any specific area involves looking at area, road miles and the
distribution of occupancies within that coverage area. The presence of incident locations
and types varies from year to year but are still evaluated with respect to density. The
concept of distribution of fire stations is based upon balancing out all of these factors to
ensure a maximum number of occupancies receive service within the designated
response time goals. Mapping tools are used to identify and calculate these factors.
' Scott Watkins, City GIS Department
n.
Map Description
The first map describes the response polygons for existing fire station 1. This stations
response area will be affected by any move of fire station 2.
Figure 2- 4 and 8 Minute Travel; 1.5 Mile ISO Travel; Existing Station 1
Utilizing the NFPA Travel time criterion of 4 minutes and overlaying the ISO travel
distance of 1.5 miles, this map illustrates the primary response polygon for fire station 1.
This station is located on the peninsula. The address is 110 East Balboa Blvd. Its GPS
coordinates are Lat: 33.60389 °, Lon: - 117.90583 °. The existing fire station 1 covers
0.647 square miles within the city. This is about 9.23% of the study area. This response
polygon covers 22.530 miles of street, which is about 15% of the total length on the road
miles in the study area. There is an area on this map that is colored orange that is
actually in the city limits of Costs Mesa. That area is NOT CALCULATED as part of the
measurements of the district's coverage attributes.
7
The orange colored area is the area where this station can provide second due response
within 8 minutes. This station thereby primarily serves the Balboa Peninsula. It serves
portions of station 2 and station 6 response zones as a second due. The orange area
along the beach on the westward side of the peninsula is merely a reflection of the fact
that there are no roads there. There is an area commonly called "the beach area" and
Bay Island on the inward side that does not have roads for vehicular traffic. They appear
orange also.
Figure 3 - 4 and 8 Minute Travel; 1.5 Mile ISO Travel; Existing Station 2
This map illustrates the 4 and 8- minute travel polygons for fire station 2. This station is
located at 475 32nd Street. Its GPS coordinates are Lon: 33.61620 °, Lat: - 117.92838 °.
Both proposed stations for consideration are plotted on this map to give a perspective as
to where they fall in relation to existing station 2. This response polygon encompasses
2.768 square miles in its 4- minute response polygon. This is about 39.45% of the study
area. The road length in miles for this area is 71.876, which is 47.51 % of the study area.
4- minute polygons for Station 2 and Station 1 overlap coverage on the peninsula. The
orange area describes station 2's second in area. In its current location, this station
does not provide 8- minute travel to the end of the Balboa Peninsula. Its 4- minute
polygon does encompass all of Lido Island.
Figure 4 -4 and 8 Minute Travel; 1.5 Mile ISO Travel; Existing Station 6
This map illustrates the 4 and 8 minute travel and ISO 1.5 mile overlap for station 6.
This station is located at 1348 Irvine Avenue. Its GPS Coordinates are Lat: 33.63362 °,
Lon: - 117.90315 °. Station 6 response polygon overlaps with the City of Costa Mesa.
The City has an Automatic Aid Agreement with Costa Mesa. This aid agreement
involves Costa Mesa providing truck service to Newport Beach when required. It is
estimated that within the City of Newport Beach, station 6 is first due for about 3.601
square miles which is about 51.32% of the study area. This station covers about 56.881
of the road lengths, which is about 37.60% of the street miles.
The orange area representing the 8- minute travel is mostly in support of station 2
Station 6 would likely be third due to an event in Station 1's area.
F
Figure 5 - Coverage by Existing Stations
Station
Percent of
Area, Sq Mi
Road
Length,
Percent of
Name
Total Area
Miles
Total Length
Existing
Station 1
– —0.647
9.23%
22.530
14.89%
Existing
Station 2
2.768
39.45%
71.876
47.51%
Existing
Station 6
3.601
51.32%
56.881
37.60%
Total of the
Study area
7.017
100.00%
151.287
100.00%
The table above illustrates the coverage of the City of Newport Beach by the
configuration of the existing stations. The 7.017 square mile area is 100 percent of the
study area. The distribution of area between these three stations is defined in column A.
Notably, station 2 and station 6 constitute the majority of the area. The road length in
miles reflects this same difference in size. The next charts evaluate the actual number
of occupancies contained within this area.
10
Figure 6 — Analysis of Residences Served by Current Deployment
3,000 - — - --
2,500
V 2,000
e
L
7,500
c
r
0
� 7,000
500
0
Residences Served by Station 2
0 to7 Min Ito 2 Min 2 t 3 Min 3 t 4 Min 4 t 6Min 5 t 6 Min 6 t 7 Min 7 t 6 Min
Travel Time Intervals
C 5ingle Family Existing ❑MU114Family Existing a HOA Existing ■ 8annning Ranch Proposed
Based upon the area, and the road lengths and the actual location of residences being
served, this chart illustrates the relationship between where the residences are
physically located and the timeframe by which they can normally be served. There are
four components in each column. They are the single family existing, multi - family
existing, the homeowner association existing and the Banning Ranch Development.
What this chart illustrates is that the residences served in the first four minutes are
primarily the existing residences. The Banning Ranch begins to start being served in the
4 to 5 minute intervals up to and including the 8 minute interval.
11
Figure 7 - Detailed Data of Residences (Fire Station 2)
The figure above provides the actual number of residences contained within each shell
(based on 1 minute intervals). As will be noted later in the report, this table illustrates
that among the four options, station 2 is ranked as the number 2 option to protect both
the existing community and new development.
12
Single Multi.
Bannin
Existing
Station
Interval
Family Family
HOA
9
Ranch
and
Weightin
Weights
Weights
2
Existin Existin
Existing
Existin
Pro s
pro p ose
g Factor
d Score
d Rank
0 g
ed
d Total
Station
0 to 1
2
Min-
- 14
91
0
0
105
4,00
420.E
Station
1 to 2
2
Min
390
500
2
0
892
3.00
2,676.0
Station
2 to 3
2
Min
886
729
7
146
1,768
2.50
4,420.0
Station
3 to 4
2
Min
1,462
505
4
436
2,407
2.00
418-14.0
Station
4 to 5
2
Min
725
156
119
592
1,592
1.75
2,786.0
Station
5 to 6
2
Min
914
554
58
0
1,526
1.50
2,289.0
Station
6 to 7
2
Min
1122
1439
284
0
2,845
1 1.25
3,556.3
Station
7 to 8
2
Min
980
506
149
0
1,635
1.00
1635.0
Station
0 to a
2
Min
6,493
4,480
823
1,174
12,770
22,596.3
2
The figure above provides the actual number of residences contained within each shell
(based on 1 minute intervals). As will be noted later in the report, this table illustrates
that among the four options, station 2 is ranked as the number 2 option to protect both
the existing community and new development.
12
Review of Proposed Sites
The following section addresses a review of the proposed sites under consideration.
Figure 8 - 4 and 8 Minute Travel; 1.5 Mile ISO Travel; Proposed Station 2A
This map illustrates the response coverage in the event that a fire station was to be
located at proposed site 2A. This proposed site is located at GIS Coordinate Lat:
33.62676 °, Lon: - 117.94098 °. This site is located approximately 1 mile to the west and
north of existing fire station number 2. On this map, Station 2 is retained but is not used
in the calculations of the coverage.
The inference of this map is that the use of proposed site 2A changes the coverage in
two respects. The area covered for Station 1 increases to .75 square miles increasing
the road length under Station 1 to 26.452 miles, which now means it covers 17.48% of
the area. (an increase in road length of 3.92 miles.)
13
Station 6 is affected by this location very little. The area and road length is virtually the
same for Station 6 in the previous set of maps. Responding to the specific area of Lido
Island the response times would be approximately 1 — 1.5 minutes longer.
This stations ability to provide second due support for Station 1 on Balboa Peninsula is
extended by approximately 2 minutes. Proposed 2A improves response times to the
Banning Ranch and the island to the north of the Banning Ranch (Newport Condos).
This configuration would result in proposed 2A covering 2.678 square miles, which is
38.16% of the study area. It would have 66.774 road miles which is 44.14 %.
Figure 9 — Attributes for Proposed 2A
Station
Area, Sq Mi
Percent of
Road
Length
percent of
Name
Total Area
Miles
Total Length
Station 1
0.752
10.72% 26.452
17.48%
Proposed
2A
2.678
38.16% 66.774
44.14%
Station 6
3.586
51.11% I 58.062
38.38%
Total
1 7.016
100.00% 151.287
100.00%
Yellow = slight increase
Blue = slight decrease
This chart illustrates the net gains and losses in terms of coverage of the area and street
miles to be protected. There is a slight increase in Station 1 and a slight decrease in
Station 6.
14
3,000
2,500
E 2,000
m
Z
m
N
m
u 1,500
C
m
v
b
m
1,000
500
0
Figure 10 - Analysis of Residences Served by Proposed 2A
Residences Served by Proposed 2A
0 tol Min Ito 2 Min 2 t 3 Min Ito 4 Min 4 t 5 Min 5 t a Min 6 t 9 Min Ito 8 Min
Travel Time Intervals
13 Single Family Existing O MulO•Family Existing ■ NOA Existing ■ t8annning Ranch Proposed
This chart illustrates the shift in actual coverage from the current deployment. Utilizing
proposed 2A, the 1, 2 and 3 minute shell begins to place the focus on the Banning
Ranch Development and results in a longer response time to existing single family,
multi - family and homeowner association locations within the current response area.
15
Figure 11 - Detailed Data of Residences (Site 2A)
Station
Interval
Single
Family
Existing
Multi-
Family
Existing
Banning
IiOA Ranch
Existing Proposed
Existing
and Weighting
Proposed Factor
Total
Weighted
Score
Weighted
Rank
Prop 2A
0 to 1 Min
3
32
0
273
3081
4.00
1,232.
Prop 2A
1 to 2 Min
704
591
8
786
2,089
3.00
6,267.0
Prop 2A
2 to 3 Min
363
652
0
1151
1,130
2.501
2,825.0
Prop 2A
3 to 4 Min
877
101
13
0
991
2.00
1,982.0
Prop 2A
4 to 5 Min
940
283
60
0
1,283
1.75
2,245.3
Prop 2A
5 t 6 Min
792
528
108
0
1,428
1.50
2,142.0
Prop 2A
6 t 7 Min
1,34
1,15
180
0
2,683
1.25
3,353.8
Prop 2A
7 to 8 Min
1 09
941
247
0
2,280
1.00
2,280.0
Prop 2A
0 to 8 Min
6,119
4,2831
616
1,174
12,192
22,327.0
3
This table illustrates the shift of where the 1 minute shells provide coverage to the
existing community. The Banning Ranch Development benefits from this deployment to
the degree that it places the majority of the Banning Ranch proposal into the first 4
minutes. As will be stated in the summary, this configuration is ranked as number 3 as a
choice for the community to maintain equity in its balance.
2 The term "weighted score" is defined as a method of evaluating the density of structures being
protected within each one minute response shell. Those facilities closest to the station are
ranked higher than those that are further away from the station. This weighted score is an
indication of how density improves the ability of a station to protect the maximum number of
occupancies.
16
Figure 12 - 4 and 8 Minute Travel; 1.5 Mile ISO Travel; Proposed Station 2B
This map illustrates the response polygon if the department were to locate a station at
proposed site 2B. This location is designated at GIS Coordinates Lat: 33.63194 °, Lon: -
117.94056 °. This site is approximately 1.2 miles to the north and west of existing fire
station 2. The response polygon for 4- minute coverage shifts in that same direction as
stated.
This configuration now increases the area for Station 1 to 0.802 square miles, which is
11.43% of the study area. The number of road miles increases to 28.819, which 19.05%
of the study area. The area for proposed 2B is about the same as proposed 2A. The
road length protected by Station 2B is 61.357 miles. This is about 40.56% of the study
area. Station 6 is reduced to an area of 3.703 square miles. This is about 52.77% of the
study area. Station 6 now covers 61.111 road miles, which is about 40.39% of the study
area.
17
The inference in this map is that the coverage of Lido Island and Lido Peninsula is now
in excess of 5 minutes. In addition, the ability for station 2 to provide support for station
1 on the lower Balboa Peninsula is extended by an additional minute of travel time.
Figure 13 - Attributes for Proposed 213
Station
Percent of
Road
Percent of
Name
Area, Sq Mi
Total Area
Length,
Total Length
Miles
Station 1
0.802
11.43%
28.819
19.06%
Proposed
213
2.512
35.80%
61.357
40.56%
Station 6
3.703
52.77%
61.111
40.39%
Total
7.016
100.00%
151.287
100.00%
Yellow = slight increase
m
3,000
2,500
V 2,000
z
m
N
m
1,500
c
m
a
.q
m
1,000
500
0
Figure 14 - Analysis of Residences Served by Proposed 2B
Residences Served by Proposed 2B
o tot Min 1N2 Min 2 t a MM 3 t 4 Min 4to 5 Min 5toe Min 0to7 Min 7to0 Min
Travel Time Intervals
❑ Single Family Existing ❑ Mullt- Family Existing 0 HOA ExiWng 0 Sannnina Ranch Proposed
This chart represents the shift in the response time in the same fashion that 2A does.
The majority of Banning Ranch is encompassed by the first two columns with the
remainder of the community experiencing slightly longer response times.
Figure 15 - Detailed Data of Residences (Site 2B)
Single
Family
Existing
Multi-
HOA
Family Existing
Existing
Banning
Ranch
Proposed
Existing
and
Proposed
Total
Weighting
Factor
Weighted
Score
Weighted
Rank
0
2 0
617
619
4.00
2,476.0
7
110
0
557
674
3.00
2 022.0
754
564
17
1 0
1,335
2.50
3,337.5
459
620
0
0
1,079
2.00
2,158.0
788
109
4
0
901
1.75
1,576.8
916
271
68
0
1,255
1.50
1,882.5
614
534
104
0
1,452
1.25
1,815.0
1,471
1,093
156
0
2,720
1 .00
2,720.0
5,209
3,303
349
1,174
10,035
17,987.8
4
19
This chart illustrates the balance of structures in relationship to the time interval. This
site provides shorter response times in Banning Ranch but lengthier response times to
existing single and multi - family existing. This configuration is ranked as the number 4
priority to maintain equity in balance for the community.
Optimization
When evaluating any fire station for a possible relocation, it is desirable to find the
optimal location in that area. After viewing the maps for the two sites that were originally
proposed a question was asked as to where an 'optimal' location might be found in the
area.
This is calculated by using the map tools in reverse. Optimization looks at how long it
takes to get to specific locations. By calculating average response times to incidents to
specific locations, a "best' site can be determined.
Figure 16 - Station Location Optimization Analysis
20
The dark green area on this map illustrates what would be considered the most optimum
location to put a fire station in order to respond with the most equitable allocation within
that district of the city.
This type of analysis is not based on fire stations but rather travel time to the locations.
it is developed -in reverse to station location. Essentially,— whatthis map provides is an
illustration of where the most equitable location could be by the average response to
each area.
This map does not consider current availability of station site but rather optimizes the
balance between stations. If a fire station were to be located at the approximate
intersection of Coast Highway and Newport Blvd, the map indicates that a response time
to a majority of the calls in the district can be achieved within 3 minutes and 30 seconds
to 4 minutes and 0 seconds average. This is seen as the very dark green area on the
map. In response to this map Fireforceone discussed preparing a third site for
consideration.
As a result of this mapping exercise, a third location was identified as a possibility. This
site is defined as station location 2C.
21
Figure 17- 4 and 8 Minute Travel; 1.5 Mile ISO Travel; Proposed Station 2C
This map illustrates the response polygon if the department were to locate a station at
proposed site 2C. This location is designated at GIS coordinates LAT n33 °.37.01, LON:
117 °.55.48. This site is approximately .25 miles to the north and west of existing fire
station 2. The response polygon for 4 minute coverage shifts in that direction as stated.
This map addresses the possibility that moving the existing fire station to another
location on the city owned property would balance out the net gains and losses identified
in the use of the other two sites. This site contemplates moving the station to a location
that would position the station furtherer to the east and to the north from the current
location. This map provides minute by minute assessment of the impact of that selection.
It results in only a 30 second difference from the existing site, but provides a balance
that does little to disrupt services to the island and peninsula area to the south.
22
Figure 18 - Attributes for Proposed 2C
Station Name
Area, Sq Mi
Percent of
Total Area
Road Length,
Miles
Percent of Total
Length
Station 1
0.642
9.15%
22.371
14.79%
Proposed 2C
3.486
49.66%
73.466
48.56%
Station 6
2.891
41.19%
55.448
36.65%
Total
7.019
100.00%
151.287
100.00%
Added Impact
3.000
2,500
C 2 .000
m
Z
m
H
m
g 1,5n0
c
m
a
m
1,000
500
0
Figure 19 - Analysis of Residences Served by Proposed 2C
Residences Served by Proposed 2C
0 tol Min 1lo2Min 210SMin 3to4MIn 4to5Min Stoll Min 8ta7 Min 7to8Mln
Travel Time Intervals
❑Single Fumy Existing OMe84Fam5h/ ExisBng ■ woA Existing ■ Banning Ranch Proposed
This chart illustrates the reallocation of the time intervals with emphasis on existing
residences. The Banning Ranch is introduced into this chart in the third, fourth and fifth
interval. This minimizes the impact on the existing community and simultaneously
places the Banning Ranch within acceptable standards.
23
Figure 20 - Detailed Data of Residences (2C)
This table illustrates the allocation of the time intervals within the existing residences and
simultaneously illustrates that a majority of the Banning Ranch is within a reasonable
timeframe. This allocation is defined as the top priority to maintain the net gains and
losses from a potential relocation of Fire Station 2.
The Balance of Coverage
The relocation of fire station 2 to 2A, 2B or 2C does not make a significant statistical
difference in the size of the area to be protected or the number of road miles contained
within the first in districts. However, it does shift the response time intervals from the
current residences in an adverse fashion. The following table is a comparison of the
three alternatives. These two charts illustrate that the best location for protecting the
community is to consider proposed location 2C over either of the other potential sites.
24
Single
Multi.
NOA
Bannin
Existing
Weighti
Weight
Statio
Interval
Family
y
mil y
Existin
g Ranch
and
ng
Weighte
ad
n
Existin
Existin
Propos
Propos
d Score
g
g
g
ad
ad Total
Factor
Rank
Prop
0 tat
2C
Min
1_
288
0
0
269
4.00
1,156.0
Prop
1 to 2
2C
Min
445
497
1 2
0
944
3.00
2,832.0
Prop
2 to 3
2C
Min
1,106
648
9
273
2,036
2.50
5,090.0
Prop
3 to 4
2C
Min
1,418
491
25
781
2,715
2.00
5,430.0
Prop
4 to 5
2C
Min
776
182
137
120
1,215
1.75
2,126.3
Prop
5 to 6
2C
Min
1,031
932
103
0
2,066
1.50
1 3,099.0
Prop
6 to 7
2C
Min
1,141
1,288
1 306
1 0
2,735
1.25
3418.8
Prop
7 to 8
2C
Min
1,184
291
59
0
1,534
1.00
1534.0
Prop
0 to 8
2C
Min
7,102
4,617
641
1,174
13,534
24,686.0
1
This table illustrates the allocation of the time intervals within the existing residences and
simultaneously illustrates that a majority of the Banning Ranch is within a reasonable
timeframe. This allocation is defined as the top priority to maintain the net gains and
losses from a potential relocation of Fire Station 2.
The Balance of Coverage
The relocation of fire station 2 to 2A, 2B or 2C does not make a significant statistical
difference in the size of the area to be protected or the number of road miles contained
within the first in districts. However, it does shift the response time intervals from the
current residences in an adverse fashion. The following table is a comparison of the
three alternatives. These two charts illustrate that the best location for protecting the
community is to consider proposed location 2C over either of the other potential sites.
24
,8,000
b
s
O
p 70,000
0
C
9
oM
6
Q
a
s
e
N
q 8,000
c
x
x
W
Figure 21 — Comparison of Residences by Absolute Number
Existing and Proposed Residences
Station 2 Proposed 2A Proposed 2B Proposed 2C
Stations, Existing and Proposed
❑ Existing and Proposed Total
This chart illustrates the absolute number of structures being protected under the three
scenarios. Proposed 2C provides the highest number.
25
25.000
% 20,000
u
U
C
d
9
y
O
V15.000
•
S
6
ll
C 10,000
•
C
W 5.000
0
Figure 22 — Comparison of Locations Based on Time Interval Weighting
Weighted Residence Points
Stalion2 Proposed 2A Proposed 26 Proposed 2C
Stations, Existing and Proposed
O Weighted score
This chart illustrates the comparison of locations when you take into consideration the
time interval. Essentially this chart illustrates that the baseline for station 2
encompasses 22,596 occupancies within the 4 minute time shell. Proposed 2C
encompasses 24,686. This weighted score clearly indicates that more occupancies will
be protected within the response goal from this site.
Figure 23 - Detailed Comparison of Residences
Station
Interval
Single Multi-
Family Family
FioA
Banning
Ranch
Existing
and
Weighted
Weight -
Existing Existing
Existing
Proposed
Proposed
Score
ed Rank
Total
0to8
Station 2
Min
6,493
4,480
623
1,174
12,770
22,596
2
Propose
0 to 8
d 2A
Min
6,119
4,283J
616
1,174
12,192
22,327
3
Propose
0 to a
d 2B
Min
5,209
3,303
349
1,174
10,035
17,988
4
Propose
0 to 8
d 2C
Min
7,102
4,617
6411
1,174
13,534
1 24,686
1
This chart above summarizes the detailed comparison of residences of all four locations.
When considering the time intervals involved, the weighted rank clearly indicates that
proposed 2C provides the best coverage of the proposed study area.
Statistically the configuration being recommended involves Station 1, proposed 2C and
station 6. The distribution of attributes is outlined in the following chart.
Figure 24— Attributes of Recommendation
27
2009
2009
Station
Area,
Percent
Road
Percent
2009
Incide
Inciden
is Fire,
Incident
2009
ISO
Needed
Name
Sq Mi
of Total
Length,
of Total
nts
Expl,
s
Incident
Fire
Area
Miles
Length
Total
Haz
Rescue,
s Other
Flow
Mat
EMS
Station 1
0.642
9.15%
22.371
14.79%
438
24
342
72
37,750
Proposed
2C
3.486
49.66%
73.468
48.56%
2,213
105
1,773
335
400.500
Station 6
2.891
41.19%
55.448
6.65%
1,238
61
931
Total
7.019
100.00%
151.287
E 0.00%
3,869
190
3,046
653
810 750
Added
Impact
4,465
27
Additional Mapping
In support of this decision process additional map runs were accomplished to help
determine how to best analyze the department study area.
Figure 25 - Optimized Travel - Existing Stations 1, 2, and 6
This map illustrates the relative coverage of the existing fire stations if the response
areas are optimized within the study area. The manner in which this map was
developed is to start each engine from its existing location and to run the network until
each station arrives at a location where both apparatus will arrive at exactly the same
time. One might call this the 'deadheat" location.
For example, if station 1 and station 2 leave the station at exactly the same time there is
a point on the peninsula where the arrival would be the same. The same consideration
is being calculated between station 2 and station 6.
M
The closest travel area for each station 1 is dark green, the 5 minute boundary is yellow
and underserved areas are shades of orange. There is a boundary between station 2
and 6 that runs approximately north and south that is defined by a heavy black line. .
Figure 26 - Optimized Travel - Existing Stations 1 and 6, Proposed Station 2A
This map illustrates what shifts would occur in coverage if proposed site 2A is selected.
The major difference in this map and the previous map is that station 1's response area
would move up on the peninsula to be approximately at the pier location adjacent to Lido
Peninsula. Portions of Lido Island the response time could go to 5 and 6 minutes. The
vertical boundary between each station is displayed as a Black Line. There are two of
these on the map.
29
Figure 27 - Optimized Travel - Existing Stations 1 and 6, Proposed Station 2B
This map illustrates the change in polygons if proposed site 2B is selected. This site
continues to move the distribution of the company to the north and west of the existing
fire station. Lido Island now receives some response times in excess of 6 minutes. The
inference of this pattern is that station 1 would now come up further on the peninsula.
The vertical boundary between Station 2 and 6 would continue to stay about where it is
on the map for Station 2A.
Emergency Incidents
Another way of looking at response is by looking at the types of emergency incidents
and to examine actual response times. The following two figures provide information on
the 2009 Emergency Incidents by Type and the 2009 Incidents by Travel Time,
30
Figure 28 - 2009 Emergency Incidents by Type
This map illustrates the distribution and concentration of the various types of emergency
demand on stations 1, 2 and 6 as they currently exist. The legend provides a color code
that encompasses the major types of emergency calls. This map illustrates that rescue
and emergency medical calls are the major demand for service. Secondarily, EMS calls
are relatively evenly spread throughout the response zones. Areas of high- density
population such as on Balboa and Lido Island indicate that emergency medical services
will likely exist in the Banning Ranch Development at the same level. Newport Beach's
history of call workload per thousand population was calculated by looking at the city-
wide response call workload, which is 8,472 calls per year. The population that was used
was 86,000. This calculates out to 96 calls per thousand population. Using this average,
the area of Banning ranch could generate a workload of 576 calls per annum.
31
Figure 29 - 2009 Emergency Incidents by Travel Time
This map illustrates the distribution and concentration of actual travel times as indicated
by CAD data. The legend provides a color code scheme. All dots that are a shade of
green are within the departments adopted response time goal. Orange, red and dark
red are those response times that fall out of the response time goal. This map is a
companion to the emergency incidents by type. Concentrations of red dots indicate an
area where response times may be effected by either distance or traffic condition.
Travel times have not been looked at relative to time of day. Stations 1, 2 and 6,
response times at the bottom of the peninsula and at the northern portion of the city
adjacent to the Santa Ana riverbed are indicative of extended travel times. These are
seen as red dots on the map
32
Summary of Current Incident Experience in Study Area
The following chart illustrates the distribution of call workload among the three existing
stations.
Figure 30 - Existing Station 2 Response Pattern
Figure 31 - Proposed Station 2A Potential Response Pattern
2009
2009
2009
2009
Station
Incidents
Incidents
Incidents
Incidents
Name
Total
Fire, Expl,
Rescue,
Other
Haz Mat
EMS
Station 1
440
24
344
72
Station 2
2,168
103
1,743
322
NBR Impact
576
97
1,563
299
Station 6
1,281
63
959
259
Total
4,465
190
3,046
653
Figure 31 - Proposed Station 2A Potential Response Pattern
Figure 32 - Proposed Station 2B Potential Response Pattern
2009
2009
2009
2009
Station
Incidents
Incidents
Incidents
Incidents
Name
Total
Fire, Expl,
Rescue,
Other
Haz Mat
EMS
Station 1
609
29
492
88
Proposed
2A
1,959
97
1,563
299
NBR Impact
576
Station 6
1,321
64
991
266
Total
4,465
190
3,046
653
Figure 32 - Proposed Station 2B Potential Response Pattern
33
2009
2009
2009
2009
Station
Incidents
Incidents
Incidents
Incidents
Name
Total
Fire, Expl,
Rescue,
Other
Haz Mat
EMS
Station 1
675
1 34
543
98
Proposed
2B
1,844
89
1,475
280
NBR Impact
576
Station 6
1,370
67
1,028
275
Total
4,465
190
3,046
653
33
Summary of Response Patterns
The study area will likely see an increase in call workload from 3,046 to 4,448. Because
the new call workload is likely to shift more responses to the north and to the west,
keeping this station as centrally located in the current response area is desirable to keep
from increasing response times in the current protected area.
Insurance Services Office (ISO)
Another fact relative to coverage is the existence of buildings that have been identified
by the insurance industry as having specific fire flows. This is a reflection of the relative
level of risk. The lower the fire flow, the less potential loss. The higher the fire flow, the
higher the loss.
Figure 33 - ISO Insured Commercial Structures; Needed Fire Flow
This map illustrates the concentration and distribution of all buildings that are in the
Insurance Services Office (ISO) database. These buildings are identified on the map
34
with a series of dots that are defined in the legend. The minimum fire flow that is
recorded is 500 gpm. The maximum fire flow is 5,000 gpm. Within the response areas
of stations 1, 2 and 6, there are 754 buildings that are identified by the ISO with needed
fire flows. These represent potential resistance to control. The following table indicates
the concentration of fire flows by the summation of the flows in each district.
Figure 34— Concentration of Fire Flows
Station ISO Needed
Name Fire Flow
35
4- Minute Distribution
The following map was prepared to see what areas are underserved by existing stations
1,2 and 6.
Figure 35 -4- Minute Distribution - Existing Stations 1, 2, and 6
This map illustrates the coverage for the area if fire station 2 were to be retained in its
current location. Clearly this location does not address response concerns on the
Banning Ranch in its entirety or the island to the north of Banning Ranch.
36
Figure 36.4- Minute Distribution - Existing Stations 1 and 6, Proposed Station 2A
This map illustrates the shift in 4- minute response polygon to the west and north. The
inference of this map is that it increases response time to Lido Island but adequately
addresses Banning Ranch and the Newport Condos.
37
Figure 37 — 4- Minute Distribution - Existing Stations 1 and 6, Proposed Station 26
This map illustrates the shift in 4- minute response polygon to the west and north. The
inference of this map is that it increases response times even more to Lido Island and
shifts response times to Lido Peninsula,
W
Figure 38 - Parcel -Based Land Use /Occupancy
This map identifies the relative distribution of land use occupancies within the response
study areas. This data was developed by the City of Newport Beach and provided to us
for use in identifying the risk assessment profile in the study area.
Figure 39 - 100 -Year Flood Zone, Coastal Inundation
This map illustrates the potential inundation zone because of the 100 -year flood. The
emphasis in this map is on the area in the Banning Ranch that will not be developed.
This potential inundation zone places a constraint on the location and density of future
emergency demand within the Banning Ranch.
.M
Recommendations
The Newport Beach Fire Department desires to maintain an equitable balance of its
resources to achieve a high fractal of coverage to all areas of the city within its adopted
response goals. Balancing the distribution of resources, which provide a uniform
opportunity to achieve travel demands within the response goal, is not an easy task.
Topography, road network, road traffic conditions and many variables impact actual
response times. For planning purposes, station sites therefore, need to be close enough
together to support one another and far enough apart to cover the jurisdiction. Based
upon the data in these maps, there is very little statistical difference in area or road
miles. However, there is a consequence of each selection. For purposes of this
discussion, we would rank these potential sites as follows:
1. The least desired site is proposed 2b. It has an effect on the initial attack
response time to relatively dense areas that are un- sprinklered properties.
2. Station 2a has a lesser impact on response times back to Lido and Balboa
Peninsula and shifts the center of the stations activity to the west and north.
3. Station 2's existing site is not a bad location for the station. It provides response
times into areas of older construction and where the community fire flow hazards
are located. However, it does not provide initial attack times into the development
area that are consistent with the cities response goal.
4. The most desired site is to rebuild the station on the opposite side of the city
owned property that currently houses City Hall. This is known as site 2C.
Regarding observation number 4, we have been advised that the city is vacating the City
Hall property and that the entire area will undergo redevelopment. If that option were
open for possible relocation to retain station 2 in its same geographical area, more
desirable site would be based on the optimization map. Taking the station off a side
street and moving it around the opposite side of the property would provide easy access
to the transportation system. This would provide a most balanced and equitable location
for fire station 2.
to
References
Correspondence, Steve Bunting, Fire Marshal, January 26, 2010
Improvement Statements for Newport Beach Orange County California, Insurance
Services Office, Edition 2, 5 -01 -2002
ISO Needed Fire Flow Records, Excel Spreadsheet
NFPA Standard 1710
Professional Services Agreement for Fire Station Relocation Study
42
Fire and Life Safety Program
Newport Banning Ranch
Newport Beach, California
January 2011
.. . .
::PLANNING SOLUTIONS
Fire and Life Safetv Proaram
Newport Banning Ranch
Newport Beach, California
January 2011
Fire and Life Safety Program
Table of Contents
1 PURPOSE AND INTENT
1.1 Fuel Management Zones ................................................................ ..............................1
1.2 Fire Access ..................................................................................... ..............................1
1.3 Fire Safety Requirements for Structures ......................................... ..............................1
2 BASIS FOR FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY PROGRAM
2.1 City Municipal Fire Code /Fire Department Guidelines .................... ..............................1
2.2 Wildland Urban Interface ( WUI) ...................................................... ..............................2
2.3 Newport Banning Ranch Fuel Management and Maintenance Program Analysis .......2
3 FUEL MANAGEMENT PLAN
3.1 Fuel Management Zones (FMZ) and Maintenance Responsibilities .............................3
3.2 FMZ Identification Markers ............................................................. ..............................5
4 VERNAL POOL RESTORATION AND EDGES ..................................... ..............................5
5 ACCESS FOR FIRE FIGHTERS AND
FUEL MANAGEMENT MAINTENANCE CREWS
5.1 Emergency Ingress and Egress ...................................................... ..............................6
5.2 Roadside Clearance along North Bluff Road .................................. ..............................7
5.3 Emergency Access Design Standards /Access Roads .................. ..............................8
6 FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL STRUCTURES
6.1 Construction Zones ......................................................................... ..............................8
6.2 Sprinkler Systems ........................................................................... ..............................8
6.3 Agreement to Fire Restrictions in CC& Rs ....................................... ..............................9
6.4 Fire Apparatus Travel Time ............................................................ ..............................9
7 WATER SUPPLY/ FIRE FLOW .............................................................. ..............................9
8 HYDRANTS AND UTILITIES ......................................_........................... ..............................9
9 FIRE APPARATUS HOSE PULLS ......................................................... ..............................9
10 FIRE MASTER PLAN
10.1 Requirement to Prepare ................................................................. .............................10
10.2 Detailed Planting /Irrigation Plans ................................................... .............................10
10.3 Alternative Design Standards /Means and Methods ....................... .............................10
11 FIRE DEPARTMENT REFINEMENTS AND MODIFICATIONS OVERTIME .....................10
12 USE OF FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY PROGRAM ..................................... .............................10
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page i
Fire and Life Safety Program
. List of Exhibits
Exhibit 1 — Fuel Management Zones Map (11 x 17 color) ................ .............................11
............................... Fuel Plant Palette for Fuel Management Zone A
Exhibit 2 — FMZ Cross - Section A -A ................................................ ...............................
12
Exhibit 3 — FMZ Cross - Section B -B ................................................ ...............................
13
Exhibit 4 — FMZ Cross - Section C- C ................................................ ...............................
14
Exhibit 5 — FMZ Cross - Section C1- C1 .............................................. .............................15
Standard for Hazard Reduction (Undesirable Plant Species)
Exhibit 6 — FMZ Cross - Section C2- C2 .............................................. .............................16
Requirements for Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Areas
Exhibit 7 — FMZ Cross - Section C3- C3 ............................................ ...............................
17
Exhibit 8 — FMZ Cross - Section C4- C4 ............................................ ...............................
18
Exhibit 9 — FMZ Cross - Section C5- C5 ............................................ ...............................
19
Exhibit 10 — FMZ Cross - Section C6- C6 .......................................... ...............................
20
Exhibit 11 — FMZ Cross - Section C7- C7 ............................................ .............................21
Exhibit 12 — FMZ Cross - Section D- D ................................................ .............................22
Exhibit 13 — FMZ Cross - Section E -E .............................................. ...............................
23
Exhibit 14 — FMZ Cross - Section F- F ............................................... ...............................
24
Attachments
Attachment 1 a .........
............................... Fuel Plant Palette for Fuel Management Zone A
Attachment 1 b ...............................
City of Newport Beach Urban Wildland Interface Area
Standard for Hazard Reduction (Fire Resistive Plant List)
Attachment 1c ...............................
City of Newport Beach Urban Wildland Interface Area
Standard for Hazard Reduction (Undesirable Plant Species)
Attachment 2a ..............................
Requirements for Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Areas
Attachment 2b...........
Materials and Construction Methods for Exterior Wildfire Exposure
Attachment 3 ...............................
Fuel Management and Maintenance Program Analysis
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page ii
Fire and Life Safety Program
PURPOSE AND INTENT
This Fire and Life Safety Program (F &LSP or Program) was prepared for the proposed
Newport Banning Ranch community to analyze and mitigate for potential wildland fire
hazards. This Program, prepared by Firesafe Planning Solutions in cooperation with the
Newport Beach Fire Department, establishes fuel management requirements for publicly -
and privately- maintained landscape, fire access requirements, fire sprinkler requirements,
and enhanced construction requirements for structures both bordering and further removed
from native vegetation areas.
The purpose and intent of the Program is to significantly reduce the potential risk to lives,
homes, and personal property if and when wildfires occur, while allowing the development
of well - planned public parks, homesites, and resort areas adjacent to fully - functional habitat
areas, which are an important resource to the City and the California Coastal Commission.
This Fire and Life Safety Program sets forth the site planning, design, and administrative
requirements for the Newport Banning Ranch community. The Program is based on
adherence to the City of Newport Beach Fire Code (including amendments to State Codes)
and to Fire Department Guidelines, as well as planning and review meetings with the City of
Newport Beach Fire Department.
This Program establishes
1.1 Fuel Management Zones —provide protection for homes and other uses adjoining
the natural open space areas;
1.2 Fire Access — provide access to and through all structures and areas in the Project
for both maintenance and all emergency needs; and
1.3 Fire Safety Requirements for Structures — provide an enhanced construction
zone adjacent to the Fuel Management Zone and provide automatic fire sprinkler
systems for all habitable structures within the Project.
BASIS FOR FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY PROGRAM
This Fire and Life Safety Program consolidates standards and summarizes requirements
from a variety of sources:
2.1 City Municipal Fire Code /Fire Department Guidelines
This Fire and Life Safety Program is intended to meet or exceed the requirements
set forth in the City of Newport Beach Fire Code and all its amendments to the
2007 California Building Code, 2007 California Fire Code, and the International Fire
Code, 2006 Edition.
Attachment 1 a provides the proposed plant palettes for the Fuel Management
Zones that are used in the Fuel Management Plan described below. These
proposed plant palettes are based on the City Fire Department's Fire Resistive
Plant List, provided as Attachment 1 b, with selective additions of less common but
nonetheless fire resistive plants. Attachment 1c contains the City's list of
undesirable (combustible) List of Plant Species requiring mandatory removal from
Fuel Management Zones.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 1
Fire and Life Safety Program
2.2 Wildland Urban Interface (WUI)
Newport Banning Ranch lies within a Special Fire Protection Area, as defined in the
Newport Beach Fire Code Section 9.04.030 (as adopted). The State of California
classifies the Project Site as a "moderate" and "high" fire hazard area, but not a
very high fire hazard area.
Attachment 2a contains California Fire Code Chapter 47, Requirements for
Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Areas. Attachment 2b contains California Building
Code Chapter 7A, Materials and Construction Methods for Exterior Wildfire
Exposure.
2.3 Newport Banning Ranch Fuel Management and Maintenance Program
Analysis
This Fire and Life Safety Program incorporates the key provisions and standards
from the Newport Banning Ranch Fuel Management and Maintenance Program
Analysis drafted for the Newport Beach Fire Department by Firesafe Planning
Solutions, a recognized wildland and fire and life safety consulting firm, specifically
for the Newport Banning Ranch Project.
The Fuel Management Plan described below in Section 3 incorporates the findings
of a fire behavior analysis performed with BEHAVE PLUS fire behavior prediction
software. The BEHAVE PLUS program calculates a "worst case" fire behavior
result with inputs for plant type, topography, weather, humidity and distance to
predict fire behavior, size, and flame lengths. With these results, the fuel
management zones can be designed to protect the community in the potential
,.worst case" fire.
Attachment 3 provides the Fuel Management and Maintenance Program Analysis
for the Newport Banning Ranch.
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLAN (NEWPORT BANNING RANCH DEVELOPMENT
PLAN)
Fire protection in landscape areas will be achieved by avoiding and reducing highly
flammable plant material in open space areas adjacent to development. This will be
accomplished by revegetation with low- fuel - volume plantings, removal or pruning and
thinning of certain native plants, and /or selective irrigation.
Generally, Fuel Management Areas are a composite of three (3) to four (4) successive fuel
management zones, which progressively provide an increasing amount of fire protection as
they become closer to the homes or other habitable buildings that need to be protected.
This Fire and Life Safety Program establishes three (3) Fuel Management Zones: Zone
"A ", Zone "B ", and Zone "C ". These zones are described below in Section 3.1. For the
Community's wildland development edge, a 120 -foot minimum combined width of Fuel
Management Zones will be provided, composed of a minimum 20 -foot Zone "A ", a minimum
50 -foot Zone "B ", and a minimum 50 -foot Zone "C ".
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page Z
Fire and Life Safety Program
The Fuel Management Plan is illustrated on Exhibit 1. This plan locates and defines the
three (3) Fuel Management Zones "A", "B ", and "C. It also:
Locates cross - sections through the fuel management areas, which are
provided as Exhibits 2 through 14 and illustrate the range of fuel management
edge conditions within Newport Banning Ranch and how they will be
addressed by the Project;
Locates firefighter and maintenance access points, and fuel management
zone markers within the community; and
3. Locates an Enhanced Construction Zone within the development areas of the
community, which requires increased architectural protections for all habitable
structures.
3.1 Fuel Management Zones (FMZ) and Maintenance Responsibilities
Fuel management programs vary in complexity and design, depending upon the
type and spacing of native vegetation as well as topography, weather conditions,
and the placement of structures. The Newport Banning Ranch Fuel Management
and Maintenance Program Analysis, based on BEHAVE PLUS fire behavior
modeling, establishes that 120 feet of Fuel Management will exceed the protection
required for this Project for the WUI areas.
The three (3) Fuel Management Zones illustrated on Exhibit 1 shall be installed and
maintained within the Newport Banning Ranch as described below. The cross -
sections located on Exhibit 1 are provided as Exhibits 2 through 14.
Zone "A"
Zone "A" is generally a minimum 20- foot -wide flat or level -grade defensible space
consisting of irrigated landscape and /or hardscape. Zone "A" will be located on
private lots, within the Bluff Park, and /or within road rights -of -way. As shown on
Exhibit 1, Zone "A" is considerably wider in some areas than the minimum 20 -foot
width. In the North Bluff Park it varies considerably, in some cases being over 100
feet wide. This additional width provides greater flexibility in planting and designing
the park for public recreational use and enjoyment.
Combustible structures are prohibited within Zone "A ". Vegetation shall be
consistent with the permitted plant palette and densities for Zone "A" shown in
Attachment 1 a. Plants determined by the Fire Department to be highly combustible
or otherwise undesirable shall be removed during regular maintenance (see
Attachment 1 c for "undesirable" plant list).
Depending upon the land use, Zone "A" shall be maintained by individual property
owners, a Homeowners Association or similar community entity, or (for public
roadways) by the City. There are no sensitive habitats within or adjacent to Zone
"A ", and thinning and /or removal of non - approved landscape shall be permitted
throughout the year.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 3
Fire and Life Safety Program
Zone "B"
Zone "B" is generally a minimum 50- foot -wide space adjacent to Zone "A" and
closer to the native habitat areas. It consists of trails, hardscape, and /or irrigated
low -fuel volume native vegetation within the portion of the Bluff Park adjacent to the
Open Space Site Planning Areas. The irrigation system shall be designed to mimic
normal /average rainfall and to provide the necessary moisture to the plants during
dry periods or seasons.
As in Zone A, combustible structures are prohibited within Zone "B ". Vegetation
within Zone "B" shall be consistent with the permitted plant palette and densities for
Zone "B" shown in Attachment 1a. Plants determined by the Fire Department to be
highly combustible or otherwise undesirable shall be removed during regular
maintenance (see Attachment 1 c for the "undesirable" plant list).
Zone "B" shall be maintained by a Homeowners Association or similar community
entity. There are no sensitive habitats within Zone "B ", and thinning and /or removal
of non - approved landscape will be permitted throughout the year.
Zone "C"
Zone "C" is a minimum 50- foot -wide space between Zone "B" and existing or
proposed native habitat. Zone "C" is itself part of the native habitat restoration area
proposed by the Newport Banning Ranch Habitat Restoration Plan (HRP).
As in Zones "A" and "B ", combustible structures and construction are not permitted
within Zone "C ". Zone "C" will be composed of a mosaic pattern of non - irrigated
low grasses, succulents, cactus, and other low height /fuel volume native plants, as
described for the Zone "C" plant palette in Attachment 1a. Existing non - native
plants and species not approved by the HRP for this area, including those on the
Fire Department's "undesirable" plant list contained in Attachment 1c, will be
removed prior to restoration planting.
In the Upland Open Space Area north of the Urban Colony and west of the City of
Costa Mesa, a 100 - foot -wide Zone "C" will be created adjacent to existing
neighborhoods, including California Seabreeze. Unmanaged vegetation currently
comes up to the rear yards of the off - Project homes in this area. Newport Banning
Ranch will provide an especially wide Fuel Management Zone "C" in this area as a
component of the Habitat Restoration Plan. The Zone "C" plant palette for the 30
feet of this Zone "C" closest to the homes will be more limited than usual to
specified grasses, cacti, succulents, and open rock areas as noted in the Zone "C"
plant palette. Existing wetland vegetation within two arroyos that cross this Zone C
area does not contribute to fire fuel load and will not require fuel management
beyond the periodic removal of dead plant material.
It is anticipated that Zone "C" will be maintained by the Newport Banning Ranch
Conservation Group, yet to be determined. Maintenance by a Homeowners
Association or similar community entity may be proposed in certain locations.
Maintenance within Zone "C" will include removal of non - native /invasive species,
removal of dead plant material, and removal of species inconsistent with the HRP,
including those on the Fire Department's "undesirable" plant list. Maintenance
within Zone "C" will not include the pruning, thinning, or removing of living HRP -
approved native vegetation.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 4
Fire and Life Safety Program
3.2 FMZ Identification Markers
As shown on Exhibit 1, permanent identification markers shall be installed to
identify the limits of Fuel Management Zones "B" and "C" so that workers can
undertake maintenance activities, knowing the limits of each zone. Minimum
marker design shall be a 2 "- diameter x 8' -long galvanized metal pipe, embedded a
minimum 2' -6" into solid ground. The top 6" of the pipe shall be stenciled with a
Letter B and /or C. The pipe shall be exposed a minimum 2' -0" above vegetation
height.
Other FMZ identification marker systems (e.g., large boulders, decorative park
elements, etc.) may be proposed and approved by the Newport Beach Fire
Department, provided they are of equal permanence and clarity.
VERNAL POOL RESTORATION AND EDGES
An existing vernal pool southwest of the intersection of Bluff Road and 17`h Street
restoration will be restored as part of Project's Habitat Restoration Plan (HRP). The HRP
will protect and restore the degraded habitat within the pool boundary and provide an open
space buffer around the pool.
As shown below, the plant palettes for the Vernal Pool Restoration Area and for the Vernal
Pool Watershed Area (surrounding the Pool) have both been designed as low- growing
suites of native plant species that will provide appropriate habitat consistent with the habitat
mitigation objectives for the Project.
The Vernal Pool Restoration and Watershed Areas are adjoined by the vernal pool
interpretive park and adjacent public streets, including Bluff Road and Scenic Drive. One
edge of the Vernal Pool Watershed Area will be developed with homes. A six - foot -high
radiant heat wall shall be constructed along this residential edge.' This wall, in conjunction
with plant heights of 12 inches or less, will provide protection for the homes from a fire
originating in that area. The precise design and location of the radiant heat wall will be
shown in the final Fire Master Plan (see Section 10).
PLANT PALETTE — VERNAL POOL RESTORATION AREA
Botanic Name
Common Name
Plant Height
Cressa truxillensis
Alkali weed
2 to 6 inches
Distichlis spicata
Salt grass
4 to 8 inches
Frankenia salina
Alkali heath
4 to 8 inches
Heliotropum curassivicum
Seaside heliotrope
4 to 8 inches
Lasthenia californica
California goldfields
4 to 8 inches
Lupinus bicolor
Miniature lupine
4 to 8 inches
Malvella le rosa
Alkali side
2 to 6 in
Planta o erecta
Western plantain
3 to 6 inches
S er ularia marina
Saltmarsh sand spurrey
1 to 4 inches
A radiant heat wall is typically a six - foot -high solid masonry wall. Certain types of insulated glass
products may be incorporated into radiant heat walls to provide a "view wall." For example, Superlite II-
XL, Pyrostop, Pyrobel, Contraflam, and Swissflam are glazing products rated 60- minute plus to
ASTME119, limit temperature rise to 250F degrees, and reduce radiant heat flux to 0 kilowatts per
square meter.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 5
Fire and Life Safety Program
PLANT PALETTE — VERNAL POOL WATERSHED AREA
Botanic Name
Common Name
Plant Height
Cressa truxillensis
Alkali weed
2 to 6 inches
Distichlis spicata
Salt grass
4 to 8 inches
Dudle a lanceolate succulent
Lance - leaved dudle a
12 inches
Dudle a pulverulenta succulent
Chalk dudle a
12 inches
Frankenia salina
Alkali seaheath
4 to 8 inches
Lasthenia californica
Dwarf goldfields
4 to 8 inches
Lu inus bicolor
Miniature lupine
4 to 8 inches
Malvella le rosa
Alkali side
2 to 6 inches
Melica im erfecta
Coast range melic
16 inches
Nassella pulchra
Purple needle grass
18 inches
O untia littoralis succulent
Coast prickly-pear
36 inches
O untie rolifera succulent
Coast cholla
48 inches
Plante o erecta
Western plantain
3 to 6 inches
Suaeda taxifolia succulent
Wooly sea -blite
12 inches
ACCESS FOR FIRE FIGHTERS AND FUEL MANAGEMENT MAINTENANCE
CREWS
As shown on Exhibit 1, fire and emergency access points from development areas to the
Fuel Management Areas will be provided at maximum 500 -foot intervals along the Fuel
Management Edge. The access locations may be provided from streets, paseos, parks,
easements within the Resort Colony and Urban Colony, and potentially in other locations as
approved by the Newport Beach Fire Department. These access points will also provide
access locations for the permitted and required maintenance of the Fuel Management
Zones.
5.1 Emergency Ingress and Egress
There will be two (2) primary and three (3) secondary ingress and egress routes
into the Newport Banning Ranch Community.
Primary access will be at the southern end of the Project from West Coast Highway
to Bluff Road, and from the northern end of the Project from 1 gth Street to North
Bluff Road.
All three (3) secondary accesses will be from the east side of the Project, from 15th
Street, 16th Street, and 17th Street, all which connect to Bluff Road. None of the
secondary access points are in the vicinity of a UWI Area; however, both primary
access points border a Fuel Management Area.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 6
Fire and Life Safety Program
5.2 Roadside Clearance along North Bluff Road
A minimum 10 feet of roadside clearance shall be provided from the two travel
lanes along North Bluff Road (north of 17 Street) to facilitate movement by fire
fighters, residents, and visitors to and from 19'h Street in the case of wildfire. Such
clearance may be composed of street pavement, sidewalks /trails, and /or irrigated
planting within the public right -of -way. The typical cross- section is shown below:
r•7;9
65'
10' 20' 20' 15'
51 12' 6' 12 5 I 9' I 6
BIKV TRAVEL 1 TRAVEL IK I I WAL
IO BIOSWALE
BIOSWALE
SLOTTED CURB J SLOTTED CURB
The preliminary plant palette for the bioswale adjacent to North Bluff Road is shown
below. A final plant palette shall be provided as part of the Fire Master Plan
required by Section 10.
PRELIMINARY PLANT PALETTE — NORTH BLUFF ROAD
Botanic Name
Common Name
Plant Height
Cressa truxillensis
Alkali weed
2 to 6 inches
Distichlis s icata
Salt grass
4 to 8 inches
Frankenia salina
Alkali seaheath
4 to 8 inches
Malvella leprosa
Alkali side
2 to 6 inches
S er ularia marina
Saltmarsh sand spurrey
1 to 4 inches
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 7
Fire and Life Safety Program
5.3 Emergency Access Design Standards/ Access Roads
All streets and cul -de -sacs, as well as arterial and collector road widths and grades,
will comply with cross - sections and details shown in the Newport Banning Ranch
Master Development Plan and Tentative Tract Map No. 17308.
Generally, the minimum width of a fire access road shall be 20 feet, with no vehicle
parking allowed. The width will be increased to 26 feet within 30 feet of a hydrant,
with no vehicle parking allowed. Parking on one (1) side will be permitted on 28-
foot -wide streets. Parking on two (2) sides will be permitted on 36- foot -wide streets
when approved by the City's Fire Code Official.
Roads must be constructed of a material that provides an all- weather driving
surface capable of withstanding a vehicle weight of 72,000 pounds. Alternative
road surfaces may be used in lieu of conventional asphalt and /or concrete.
FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL STRUCTURES
Structures within Newport Banning Ranch shall conform to the following requirements:
6.1 Construction Zones
Enhanced Construction Zone
All structures on lots within 100' of the interior Fuel Management edge (i.e., FMZ
"A ") shall receive enhanced construction on all four (4) sides per 2007 California
Building Code Chapter 7A and the 2007 California Fire Code Chapter 47 as locally
amended by the City of Newport Beach. (CBC Chapter 7A and CFC Chapter 47
are provided as Attachments 2a and 2b, respectively, to this Fire and Life Safety
Program.)
Open Landscape Structures
Open landscape structures such as gazebos and trellises within scenic lookouts
and viewpoints within the Bluff Park and similar parks, which are decorative
elements not habitable buildings, will be exempt from Enhanced Construction Zone
requirements.
6.2 Sprinkler Systems
All single - family and multi - family homes shall be constructed with an approved
modified NFPA 13D Automatic Fire Sprinkler System installed by a licensed fire
sprinkler contractor. All commercial use buildings shall be constructed with an
approved full NFPA 13R Automatic Fire Sprinkler System installed by a licensed
fire sprinkler contractor. Separate plans shall be submitted to the Fire Department
for approval prior to installation.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 8
Fire and Life Safety Program
6.3 Agreement to Fire Restrictions in CC &Rs
All potential property owners shall be required to agree to the rules related to fire
protection features, which shall be established in the CC &Rs, prior to purchase of
property within Newport Banning Ranch.
6.4 Fire Apparatus Travel Time
All habitable structures shall be located within four (4) minutes of fire apparatus
travel time from the closest Newport Beach Fire Station or mutual aid fire station,
as determined by the City's Fire Code Official.
WATER SUPPLY / FIRE FLOW
The Water Division of the City of Newport Beach Utilities Department will serve the Newport
Banning Ranch Project.
All underground fire flow water systems, mains, and water pressures within the Project shall
be designed to fully comply with City of Newport Beach Fire Code Requirements, as well as
with City of Newport Beach Public Works requirements.
HYDRANTS AND UTILITIES
All fire hydrants and all- weather access roads shall be approved and installed, leading to
and in the specific building area where combustible materials will be delivered.
A temporary access plan may be designed and considered for approval of temporary
access and hydrants.
Hydrants shall be spaced no greater than 500 feet from hydrant to hydrant, and 250 feet
from the end of a cul -de- sac /street (dead -end) within the community. Hydrant spacing will
be no greater than 1,000 feet from hydrant to hydrant on backbone streets not directly
serving any habitable structures.
FIRE APPARATUS HOSE PULLS
The 2007 California Fire Code (CFC) states that fire apparatus access roads shall be
provided for every building or portion of a building constructed when any portion of the
building is located more than 150 feet from the fire apparatus access measured by an
approved route around the exterior of the building. CFC Section 503.1.1 provides that the
City's Fire Code Official is authorized to increase the dimension of 150' in certain instances.
Any proposal to increase the dimension of 150' shall be included and justified in the final
Fire Master Plan described in Section 10. The final decision on the required distances will
be made by the Newport Beach Fire Department, which may or may not approve such a
proposal.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 9
Fire and Life Safety Program
10 FIRE MASTER PLAN
10.1 Requirement to Prepare
A final Fire Master Plan shall be prepared in conjunction with construction -level Site
Development Plans for each phase of development, showing all fire access and life
safety elements for the Project. The standards set forth in this Fire and Life Safety
Program will be included as part of the Fire Master Plan.
10.2 Detailed Planting /Irrigation Plans
The Final Fuel Management Plan shall include detailed planting and irrigation plans
at 1 " =30' or larger scale for review by the Newport Beach Fire Department. The
detailed plans shall include the pattern of native plants within FMZ "C" (e.g., the
layout of grasses, cacti /succulents, and fire - resistive shrub species).
10.3 Alternative Design Standards /Means and Methods
Alternative Design Standards to the FMZ widths and plant palettes described in this
Fire and Life Safety Program may be proposed as part of the Final Fuel
Management Plan based on construction -level design and engineering information;
more detailed micro - modeling of topography, fire fuels, and fire behavior, and /or
Alternative Means and Methods (AM &Ms) that may be proposed at the time the
Fire Master Plan is prepared for City Fire Department review and approval.
11 FIRE DEPARTMENT REFINEMENTS AND MODIFICATIONS OVERTIME
The Newport Beach Fire Department may refine or modify the requirements set forth in this
Newport Banning Ranch Fire and Life Safety Program and subsequent Fire Master Plan
and Final Fuel Management Plan to conform with City Ordinances, Fire Department
Guidelines, and/or State Regulations as they may change in the future to better protect
public health and safety. The Newport Beach Fire Department is empowered to interpret
and clarify this Fire and Life Safety Program as necessary to protect public health and
safety.
12 USE OF FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY PROGRAM
FMZ requirements, fire - resistant building requirements, and other fire protection measures
shall be provided to the Landowner /Master Developer, project developers, builders,
architects, landscape architects, Newport Banning Ranch Homeowners Associations
(HOAs), and Newport Banning Ranch Conservancy Group to ensure all structures in the
Newport Banning Ranch Project will be constructed and will remain over time reasonably
safe from future wildland fires.
The information in this Fire and Life Safety Program shall also be provided to future
individual homeowners, either as a stand -alone document or as part of a larger educational
handout for Newport Banning Ranch residents.
January 2011 Newport Banning Ranch Page 10
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lV` . ; t`' J )�]' t Sus.:- +rS wry• •+, /AT` . " ti.i'
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TSITE BOUNDARY
11 �•-
ENTZONES
NAGEMENT ZONE A- 20'minimum flat a level grade- Beginning of Fuel Management
J by HOA, City (N street), or private homeowner. Fuel Management consists of hardscape or
andscape (to be consistent with the approved Zone A Plant, Palette and recommended densities).
NAGEMENT ZONE B- 50' minimum - Maintained by HOA. Fuel Management consists of irrigated \ /
3etation (lo be consistent with the approved Zone B Plant Palette and recommended densities). - t
shall mimic natural average rainfall.
,NAGEMENT ZONE C - 50' minimum - Maintained by the Banning Ranch Conservancy Group. - I
hall be planted with non - irrigated low grasses, succulents, cactus, and other low height/fuel volume _ %
ints as shown in the HRP and Ne Zone C Plant Palette in the Fire and Life Safety Program. A
rice within Zone C will include removal of non- native /invasive species, species inconsistent with the
estonation Plan, dead plant material, and plants on the Fire Department's Undesirable Plant List. -
I IA��
TRUCTION CLASSIFICATION i •. - 't
. r
:ED CONSTRUCTION ZONE - Structure nhanced the Fuel Management Ali structures on bts within ( A ��, M•..
e Fuel Management ter 7 shall receive 7 California enhanced Fire Code on all four (as sides per 20W
Building Code Chapter utantlthe Fire lder y Fire Code Chapter 47 as locally amended by the
>wpert Beach, including Automatic Fire Sprinkler System. ,•, �� I,.
I•
POINT - Fuel Management walk in access point (a 5' non - combustible tubular steel gate will only q` _
ad where necessary). 500' maximum distance between access points at Fuel Management. '~ Y -. �. � # � •]�V
V
CATION MARKER - Permanent identification markers shall be constructed to identify the inside and - 1
rids of Fuel Management Zaies Band C. 6" Marker
with design shall be 2" olio. x 8A" long
abl galvanized! pipe.
ire vegeation into solid ground, Stencil top 6" with a let[er'B' and /cr'C', as applicable. Expose pipe - �'{ : '•S•♦ y
✓e vegetation minimum. .'? �Y y - 4" • I
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NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
1. Permitted Plant Palette for Fuel Management Zone A
FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE A
Botanical Name Common Name Suitability
Trees
Acer macrophyllum
Big Leaf Maple
C
Arbutus unedo
Strawberry Tree
Ceratonia siliqua
Carob
C D
Citrus species
Citrus
C
Eriobotrya japonica
Loquat
C
Erythrina species
Coral Tree
C D
Ginkgo biloba
Maidenhair Tree
C D
luglans californica
California Black Walnut
C D
Lagerstroemia indica
Crape Myrtle
C
Lagunaria patersonii
Primrose Tree
CD
Liriodendron tulipfera
Tulip Tree Fernleaf
-
Liquidambar styraciflua
American Sweet Gum
C
Lyonthamnus flori. ssp. Asplenifolius
Ironwood
C D
Macadamia integrifolia
Macadamia Nut
-
Maytenus boaria
Mayten Tree
-
Mctrosideros exce /sus
New Zealand Christmas Tree
C D
Parkinsonia aculeata
Mexican Palo Verde
CD
Pistacia chinensis
Chinese Pistache
C
Pittosporum undulatum
Victorian Box
-
Platanus racemosa
California Sycamore
C
Populus fremontii
Western Cottonwood
C
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
C D
Quercus engelmannii
Engelmann Oak
C D
Quercus suber
Cork Oak
-
Rhus lancea
African Sumac
C D
Sambucus mexicana
Mexican Elderberry
C D
Steniearpus sinuatus
Firewheel Tree
CD
17) This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch
nbr_1 -a _plant nalette_ritloc -June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE A
Botanical Name Common Name Suitability
Shrubs
Aeonium species
Aeonium
C D
Agave species
Century Plant
C D
Agave attenuata
Century Plant
C D
Agave attenuata
Fox Tail Agave
C D
Agave filifera
Agave Filifera
C D
Agave parryi v. couesii
Couesii Century Plant
C D
Agave shawii
Shaw's Century Plant
C D
Agave species
Century Plant
C D
Agave vilmoriniana
Octopus Agave
C D
Aloe arborescens
Tree Aloe
C D
Aloe arborescens
Candelabra Aloe
C D
Aloe species
Aloe
C D
Aloe striata
Coral Aloe
C D
Aloe Vera
Medicinal Aloe
C D
Aptenia cordifolia
Hearts And Flowers
C D
Baccharis pilularis 'Twin Peaks #2'
Dwarf Coyote Bush
C D
Baccharis salicifolia
Mulefat
C D
Bromus carinatus
California Brome
C
Bulbine frutescens
Stalked Bulbine
D
Bulbine frutescens 'Hallmark'
Dwarf Orange Bulbine
D
Bulbine frutescens 'Yellow'
Yellow bulbine
D
Carissa macrocarpa
Green Carpet Natal Plum
-
Ceanothus g. var. hori. 'Yankee Point'
Yankee Point Ceanothus
C D O
Ceanothus gloriosus 'Point Reyes'
Point Reyes Ceanothus
C D O
Ceanothus griseus ' Louis Edmunds'
Louis Edmunds Ceanothus
C D O
Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis
Carmel Creeper Ceanothus
C D O
Ceanothus megarcarpus
Big Pod Ceanothus
C D
Ceanothus prostrates
Squaw Carpet Ceanothus
C D
Ceanothus spinosus
Green Bark Ceanothus
C D
Ceanothus verrucosus
Wart -Stem Ceanothus
C D
Cephalocereus senilis
Old Man Cactus
CD
Cerastium tomentosum
Snow -in- Summer
-
(n This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 2
nbr_1 -a _plant nalette_ritloc -June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
FUEL MANAGEMENTZONEA
Botanical Name Common Name Suitability
Shrubs (continued)
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
C D O
Cereus hildmannianus
Hildmann Cactus
C D
Cereus peruvianus
Peruvian Tree Cactus
C D
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum
Oxeye Daisy
-
Cistus hybridus
White Rockrose
C D
Cistus incanus
NCN
C D
Cistus incanus ssp. Corsicus
NCN
C D
Cistus salviifolius
Sageleaf Rockrose
C D
Cistus x purpereus
Orchid Rockrose
C D
Convolvulus cneorum
Bush Morning Glory
C D
Coprosma kirkii
Creeping Coprosma
-
Coprosma pumila
Prostrate Coprosma
-
Cotoneaster buxifolius
NCN
C D
Crassula arborescens
Silver lade Plant
C D
Crassula ovata
lade Tree
C
Delosperma 'Alba'
White Trailing Ice Plant
C D
Dodonaea viscosa
Hopseed Bush
C D
Doryanthes palmeri
Spear Lily
-
Drosanthemum hispidum
Ice. Plant
C D
Dudleya brittonii
Dudleya
C D
Dudleya caespitosa
Sea Lettuce
C D O
Dudleya hassei
Hasse's Dudleya
C D O
Dudleya lanceolata
Lance - Leaved Dudleya
C D O
Dudleya pulverulenta
Chalk Dudleya
C D
Dudleya viscida
San Juan Live Forever
C D O
Echeveria species
Hens and Chickens
C D
Echinocactus grusonii
Golden Barrel Cactus
-
Echium species
Echium
CID
Escallonia species
Escallonia Varieties
C
Euphorbia biglandulosa
Gopher Plant
C D
Euphorbia characias
Euphorbia
C D
Euphorbia rigida
Yellow Spurge
C D
Euphorbia tirucalli 'Sticks on Fire'
Sticks on Fire
C D
Feijoa sellowiana
Pineapple Guava
-
1 t I This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 3
nbr_1- a _plantraletfe_ritloc - June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
FUEL MANAGEMENTZONEA
Botanical Name Common Name Suitability
Shrubs (continued)
Graptopetalum paraguayense
Ghost Plant, Mother of Pearl Plant
-
Grewia occidentalis
Starflower
C
Hardenbergia comptoniana
Lilac Vine
-
Hesperaloe funifera
Giant Hesperaloe
C D
Hypericum calycinum
Aaron's Beard
D
Kalanchoe beharensis
Felt Plant
C D
Kalanchoe pumila
Flower Dust Plant
C D
Kniphofia uvaria
Red Hot Poker
C D
Lamium maculatum
Dead Nettle
-
Lamium maculatum 'Beacon Silver'
Beacon Silver Dead Nettle
-
Lampranthus aurantiacus
Ice Plant
C D
Lampranthus productus
Lampranthus
C D
Lampranthus spectabilis
Trailing Ice Plant
C D
Lampranthus spectabilis 'Rose'
Rose Trailing Ice Plant
C D
Lantana camara cultivars
Yellow Sage
C D
Lantana camara montevidensis
Trailing Lantana
C D
Lavandula dentata
French Lavender
C D
Leptospermum 'laevigatum'
Australian Tea Tree
C D
Leucophyllum frutescens
Texas Ranger
C D
Ligustrum japonicum 'Texanum'
Texas Privet
C D
Limonium perezii
Sea Lavender
C D
Lonicera japonica 'Halliana'
Hall's Japanese Honeysuckle
-
Lonicera subspicata
Wild Honeysuckle
-
Mahonia 'Golden Abundance'
Golden Abundance Mahonia
C D
Mahonia nevenii
Nevin Mahonia
C D
Malephora lutea
Rocky Point Ice Plant
C D
Manfreda maculosa
Manfreda
Myoporum debile
NCN
-
Myoporum 'Pacificum'
NCN
-
Myoporum parvillchum
NCN
-
Nolina cismontane
Chappara/ Nolina
-
Nolina species
Mexican Grasstree
C D
Opuntia littoralis
Prickly Pear
C D
Opuntia oricola
Oracle Cactus
C D
n) 1 This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 4
nbr_1- a _plantnaleffe_ritloc - June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
FUEL MANAGEMENTZONEA
Botanical Name Common Name
Suitability
Shrubs (continued)
Opuntia species
Prickly Pear, Cholla
C D
Osteospermum fnrtiCOSLIm
Trailing African Daisy
C D
Pachypodium lamieri 11�
Madagascar Palm
-
Pedilanthus macrocarpus
Lady's Slippers
D
Photinia fraseri
NCN
C D
Pilea cadierei
Creeping Charlie
-
Portulacaria afra
Elephant's Food
C D
Prunus caroliniana
Carolina Cherry Laurel
C D
Prunus ilicifolia 'llicifolia'
Holly Leafed Cherry
C D O
Prunus lyonii
Catalina Cherry
C D
Punica granatum
Pomegranate
-
Pyracantha species
Firethorn
C D
Quercus berberdifolia
California Scrub Oak
D
Quercus dumosa
Coastal Scrub Oak
C D
Rhaphiolepis species
India Hawthorn
C
Rhos integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
C D O
Rhus ovata
Sugarbush
C D
Romneya coulteri
Matilija Poppy
C D
Romneya coulteri 'White Cloud'
White Cloud Matilija Poppy
C D
Rosmarinus officinalis
Rosemary
C D
Salvia greggii ."
Autumn Sage
C D
Salvia sonomensis
Creeping Sage
C D
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavendar Cotton
C D
Santolina virens
Green Lavender Cotton
C D
Sedum species
Stonecrop
C D
Solanum xantii
Purple Nightshade
C D
Tecoma capensis
Cape Honeysuckle
C D
Xylosma congestum
Shiny Xylosma
-
Yucca glauca
Spanish Bayonet
C D
Yucca Species
Yucca .'.
C D
Yucca whipplei M
Our Lord's Candle
C D
(i) This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 5
nbr_1 -a _plant nalette_ritloc -June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
FUEL MANAGEMENTZONEA
Botanical Name Common Name Suitability
Groundcover
Armeria maritima
Common Thrift
C D
Artemisia caucasica
Caucasian Artesmisia
D
Aptenia cordifolia x Red Apple
Aptenia
D
Cistus cripus
NCN
C
Coreopsis lancelata
Coreopsis
C
Corea pulchella
Australian Fuscia
D
Crassula lacteal
NCN
D
Crassula multicava
NCN
D
Crassula tetragona
NCN
D
De /osperma 'alba'
White Trailing Ice Plant
C D
Drosanthemum floribundum
Rosea Ice Plant
C
Drosanthemum hispidum
NCN
C
Drosanthemum speciosum
Dewflower
C
Fragaria chiloensis
Beach Strawberry
D
Iberis sempervirens
Evergreen Candytuft
C D
Iberis umbellatum
Globe Candytuft
C
Lampranthus aurantiacus
Bush Ice Plant
-
Lampranthus filicaulis
Redondo Creeper
-
Lampranthus spectabilis
Trailing Ice Plant
C
Lasthenia californica
Dwarf Goldfields
-
Lupinus arizonicus
Desert Lupine
C D
Lupinus benthamii
Spider Lupine
-
Lupinus bicolor
Miniature Lupine
-
Lupinus sparsiflorus
Losely, flowered Annual Lupine /Coulter's
-
Ophiopogon 1.aponicus
Mondo Grass
-
Pelargonium peltatum
Ivy Geranium
-
Sedum species
Stone Crop
-
Vines
Bougainvillea spp.
Bougainvillea
C D
Macfadyena unguis -cati
Cat's Claw
C D
Mascagnia macroptera
Golden Vine
D
Passiflora edulis
Passion Flower
-
Turf
Marathon 11 'Festuca Arundinacea'
Dwarf Tall Fescue
Turf
A -G Sod Farms Inc.- Elite Plus
D
(1) This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 6
nbr_1 -a _plant paleffe_ritloc -June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
2. Permitted Plant Palette for Fuel Management Zone B
FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE B
Botanical Name Common Name
Shrubs From Seed
Dichelostemma capitatum
Wild hyacinth
Dudleya pulverulenta
Chalk dudleya
Horkelia cuneata
Mesa horkelia
Lotus heermannii
Woolly lotus
Melica imperfecta
Coast range melic
Mirabilis californica
Wishbone bush
Nassella pulchra
Purple needlegrass
Sisyrinchium helium
Blue -eyed grass
Shrubs From Container
Aeonium species
Aeonium
Agave attenuata
Fox Tail Agave
Agave shawii
Shaw's Century Plant
Aloe arborescens
Candelabra Aloe
Aloe species
Aloe
Aloe striata
Coral Aloe
Crassula species
Silver lade Plant
Dichelostemma capitatum
Wild hyacinth
Distictis spicata
Saltgrass
Dudleya lanceolata
Lance- leaved dudleya
Dudleya pulverulenta
Chalk Dudleya
Echeveria species
Echeveria
Horkelia cuneata
Mesa horkelia
Kalanchoe beharensis
Felt Plant
Kalanchoe pumila
Flower Dust Plant
Limonium perezii
Sea Lavender
Lycium californicum
California boxthorn
Nassella lepida
Foothill needle -grass
Opuntia littoralis.
Coast prickly -pear
Opuntia prolifera
Coast cholla
Opuntia species
Prickly Pear, Cho /la
Portulacaria afra
Elephant's Food
Sedum species
Stonecrop
1D This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 7
nbr_i -a _plant naleffe_ritloc -June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE B
Botanical Name
Common Name
Sisyrinchium bellum
Blue -eyed grass
Tecoma capensis
Cape Honeysuckle
Yucca whipplei "I
Our Lord's Candle
(1) This plant species may not be located within 50 feet of homes.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 8
nbr_1 -a _plant nalette_ritloc -June 21, 2010
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 1 a
FUEL MANAGEMENT PLANT PALETTE
3. Permitted Plant Palette for Fuel Management Zone C / Habitat
Restoration
HABITAT RESTORATION / FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE C
Botanical Name Common Name
Grasslands
Bothriochloa barbinodis
Beardgrass
Distichlis spicata
Saltgrass
Lasthenia californica
California goldfields
Melica imperfecta
Coast Range Mel ica
Nassella lepida
Foothill needlegrass
Nassella pulchra Purple needlegrass
Succulent Scrub Mosaic
Non - Combustible /Succulent Species
Cylindropuntia prolifera
Coastal cholla
Opuntia littoralis
Coastal prickly pear
Suaeda taxifolia
Woolly sea -blite
Fire - Resistive Shrub Species
Encelia californica (Z)
California encelia «�
Isocoma menziesii 12)
Coastal goldenbush izl
Isomeris arborea (1)
Bladderpod (3)
Lycium californicum �sl
California boxthorn (s)
The plants will be established in a mosaic pattern, with alternating patches of the fire - resistive shrub
species and non - combustible /succulent species such that it achieves the equivalent of a 50- to 60-
percent "thinning" standard with the typically "thinned" areas actually composed at NBR of
succulent and cactus species. The intention is to continue to provide nesting and foraging habitat
for special- status birds such as California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica) and coastal cactus
wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus), with the large patches of non-com bustible/succuIent
species intended to minimize fire risk.
For other habitat restoration plant palettes, refer to Habitat Restoration Plan for Mitigations and Project Design Features for the
Project
(2) This plant species may not be located within 30 feet of off - Project homes along the easterly Project boundary, between 17" Street
and W Street in the City of Costa Mesa.
C = California Friendly
D = Drought Tolerant
O Suitable to plant under Oaks
Newport Banning Ranch 9
nbr_1 -a _plant naletfe_ritloc -June 21, 2010
Botanical Name
Abelia x grandiflora
Acacia redolens desert carpet (1)
Acer macrophyllum
Achilles millefolium
Achillea tomentosa
Actinium decorum
Aeonium simsii
Agave attenuata
Agave shawii
Agave victoriae - regime
Ajuga reptans
Alnus cordata
Alnus rhombifolia
Aloe arborescens
Aloe aristata
Aloe bmvifoli
Aloe Vera
Alogyne huegeii
Ambrosia charnmissonis
Amorpha fruticosa
Anigozanthus flavidus
Antirrhinum nuttalianum ssp.
Aptenia cordifolia x `Red Apple'
Arbutus unedo
Arctostaphylos 'Pacific Mist'
Arctostaphylos edmundsii
Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp.
Arctostaphylos hookeri 'Monterey
Carpet'
Arctostaphylos pungens
Arctostaphylos refugioensis
Arctostaphylos uva -ursi
Arctostaphylos x'Greensphere'
Artemisia caucasica
City of Newport Beach
Urban Wildland Interface Area
Standard for Hazard Reduction
Artemisia pycnocephala
Atriplex canescens
Atriplex lentifomris ssp. breweri
Baccharis emoyi
Baccharis pilularis ssp. Consanguinea
Baccharis pilularis var. pilularis 'Twin
Peaks #2'
Baxtylis glomemta
Fire Resistive Plant List
Common Name Plant Form
Glossy Abelia
Shrub
Desert Carpet
Shrub
Big Leaf Maple
Tree
Common Yarrow
Low Shrub
Woolly Yarrow Low Shrub
Aeonium
Ground cover
no common name
Ground cover
Century Plant
Succulent
Shaw's Century Plant
Succulent
no common name
Ground Cover
Carpet Bugle
Ground Cover
Italian Alder
Tree
White Alder
Tree
Tree Aloe
Shrub
no common time
Ground Cover
no common time
Ground Cover
Medicinal Aloe
Succulent
Blue Hibiscus
Shrub
Beach Bur -Sage
Perennial
Western False Indigobush
Shrub
Kangaroo Paw
PerenniaUaccent
no common time
Subshmb
Red Apple Aptenia
Ground cover
Strawberry Tree
Tree
Pacific Mist Manzanits
Ground Cover
Little Sm Manzanita
Ground Cover
Eastwood Manzanita
Shrub
Monterey Carpet Manzanita
Low Shrub
no common name Shrub
Refugio Manzanita Shrub
Bearberry Ground Cover
Greensphere Manzanita Shrub
Caucasian Artesmisia Ground Cover
Beach Sagewort
Perennial
Four-Wing Saltbush
Shrub
Brewer Saltbush
Shrub
Emory Baccharis
Shrub
Chaparral Bloom
Shrub
Twin Peaks Ground Cover
Berber Orchard Grass Grass
NBR•F &LSP
Attachment lb
Remarks
Pnme back after flowering to
remove dried fire fuel
Prune back after flowering to
remove dried fire fuel
Low maintenance
Poor on slopes
30 -50 feet height
Highly invasive
Native
High fire retardance
Slow to establish
Excellent drought tolerance,
semi - upright to 12 inches
Excellent drought tolerance,
spreading 4 -6', height to P
Very low maintenance; takes
some foot traffic
Native
Native - Drought tolerant
Use only male plants
Revised 8/07
Baccharis salicifolia
Mulefat
Shrub
Native - Drought tolerant
Botanical Name
Common Name
Plant Form
Remarks
Baileya multiradiata
Desert Marigold
Ground Cover
Drought tolerant
Beaucamea recurvata
Bottle Palm
Shrub/Small Tree
Bougainvillea spectabilis (2)
Bougainvillea
Shrub
Brahea armata (3)
Mexican Blue Palm/Blue
Palm
Hesper Palm
Brahea brandegeei (4)
San Jose Hesper Palm
Palm
Brahea edulis (5)
Guadalupe Palm
Palm
Brickellia califomica
no common name
Subshmb
Brooms carinatus
California Brame
Grass
Camissoma cheiranthifiloa
Beach Evening Primrose
Perennial Shrub
Native
Carissa macrocarpa
Green Carpet Natal Plum
Ground Cover /Shrub
Fair -good drought tolerance,
spreads 12 -18"
Carpobrotus chilensis
Sea Fig Ice Plant
Ground Cover
Ceanothus gloriosus `Point Reyes'
Point Reyes Ceanothus
Shrub
Excellent drought tolerance,
semi - upright 12 -18"
Ceanothus griseus `Louis Edmunds'
Louis Edmunds Ceanothus
Shrub
Ceanothus griseus horizontalis
Yankee Point
Ground Cover
Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis
Carmel Creeper Ceanothus
Shrub
Excellent drought tolerance.
Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis
Yankee Point Ceanothus
Shrub
`Yankee Point'
2 -3' tall
Ceanothus megarcarpus
Big Pod Ceanothus
Shrub
Ceanothus prostratus
Squaw Carpet Ceanothus
Shrub
Excellent drought tolerance;
spreads 2 -6'
Ceanothus spinosus
Green Bark Ceanothus
Shrub
Ceanothus verrucusus
Wart -Stem Ceanothus
Shrub
Cerastium tomentosum
Snow -in- Summer
Ground cover /Shrub
White flower color
Ceratonia siliqua
Carob
Tree
Cercis occidentalis
Western Redbud
Shrub /Tree
Drought tolerant
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum
Oxeye Daisy
Ground Cover
Ornamental, flowering
Cistus crispus
no common name
Ground Cover
Cistus hybridus
White Rockrose
Shrub
Cistus incanus
no common name
Shrub
Cistus incanus ssp. Corsicus
no common name
Shrub
Cistus salviifolius
Sageleaf Rockrose
Shrub
Cistus x purpmeus
Orchid Rockrose
Shrub
Citrus spp.
Citrus
Tree
Clarkia bottae
Showy Fairwell to Spring
Annual
Cneoridium dumosum
Bushrue
Shrub
Collinsia heterophyllia
Chinese Houses
Annual
Comarostaphylis diversifolia
Summer Holly
Shrub
Convolvulus cnecrum
Bush Morning Glory
Shrub
White flower color
Coprosma kirkii
Creeping Coprosma
Ground Cover /Shrub
Subject to dieback after 3 -4
years
Coprosma pumila
Prostrate Coprosma
Low shrub
Coreopsis califomica
California Coreopsis
Annual
Coreopsis lanceolata
Coreopsis
Ground Cover
Ornamental flowering
Corea pulchella
Australian Fascia
Ground Cover
12" height, 36" spread
Cotta easter buxifolius
no common name
Shrub
Cotoneaster congestus ` Likiang'
Likiang Cotoneaster
Ground Cover /Vine
Cotoneaster aprneyi
no common name
Shrub
Crassula lactea
no common name
Ground Cover
Crassula multicava
no common name
Ground Cover
Not recommended for steep
slopes
2
Revised 8/07
Botanical Name
Common Name
Plant Form
Remarks
Crassula ovata
Jade Tree
Shrub
Crassula tetragona
no common name
Ground Cover
Croton califomicus
California Croton
Ground Cover
Delosperma'alba'
White trailing Ice Plant
Ground Cover
Not recommended for steep
slopes
Dendromecon rigida
Bush Poppy
Shrub
Dichelostemma capitatum
Blue Dicks
Herb
Distinctis buccinatoria
Blood -Red Trumpet Vine
Vine /Climbing vine
Dodonaea viscosa
Hopseed Bush
Shrub
Drought tolerant
Drosanthemum floribundum
Rosea Ice Plant
Ground Cover
Drosanthemum hispidum
no common name
Ground Cover
Drosanthemum speciosus
Dewflower
Ground Cover
Dudleya lanceolata
Lance- leaved Dudleya
Succulent
Native
Dudleya pulvemlenta
Chalk Dudleya
Succulent
Native
Elaeagnus pungens
Silverberry
Shrub
Encelia californica
California Encelia
Small Shrub
Native
Epilobium canum [Zauschneria
Hoary California Fuschia
Shrub
califomica]
Eriastrum sapphirinum
Mojave Woolly Star
Annual
Eriobotryajaponica
Loquat
Tree
Eriodictycon crassifolium
Thick Leaf Yerba Santa
Shrub
Eriodictycon trichocalyx
Yerba Santa
Shrub
Eriophyllum confertiflorum
no common name
Shrub
Native
Erythrina spp.
Coral Tree
Tree
Red/pink flower color
Escallonia spp.
Several varieties
Shrub
Eschscholzia californica
California Poppy
Flower
Eschscholzia mexicana
Mexican Poppy
Herb
Euonymus fortunei
Winter Creeper Euonymus
Ground Cover
Feijoa seuowiana
Pineapple Guava
Shrub /Tree
Fragaria chiloensis
Wild Strawberry/Sand
Ground Cover
Strawberry
Frankenia salina
Alkali Heath
Ground Cover
Native
Fremontondendron califomicum
California Flannelbush
Shrub
Gaillardia x grandiflora
Blanketflower
Ground Cover
Ornamental flower
Galvezia speciosa
Bush Snapdragon
Shrub
Red flowers
Ganya ellipta
Silktassel
Shrub
Gazania hybrids
South African Daisy
Ground Cover
Gazania rigens leucolaena
Training Gazania
Ground Cover
Strongly recommended;
creeping varieties
Gillis, capitata
Globe Gilia
Perrenial
Gilia leptantha
Showy Gilia
Perrenial
Gilia tricolor
Bird's Eyes
Perrenial
Ginkgo biloba
Maidenhair Tree
Tree
Gnaphalium Califomicum
California Everlasting.
Annual
Grewia occidentalis
Starflower
Shrub
Grindelia stricta
Gum Plant
Ground Cover
Green foliage
Hakea suaveolens (6)
Sweet Hakea
Shrub
Hardenbergia comptoniana
Lilac Vine
Shrub
Heliathemum muutabile
Sumose
Ground Cover /Shrub
Good drought tolerance, 6-
12"
Helianthemum scoparium
Rush Rose
Shrub
Small leaves, drought tolerant
Heliotropium cmassavicum
Salt Heliotrope
Ground Cover
Native
Helix Canariensis
English Ivy
Ground Cover
3
Revised 8/07
Botanical Name
Common Name
Plant Form
Remarks
Hesperaloe parviflom
Red Yucca
Perennial
Heteromeles arbutifolia (7)
Toyon
Shrub
Native - May be trimmed up
to tree form
Hypericum calycimum
Aaron's Beard
Shrub
Good t very good drought
tolerance
Iberis sempervirens
Edging Candytuft
Ground Cover
White flower color
Iberis umbellatum
Globe Candytuft
Ground Cover
Ornamental flowering
Isocoma menziesii
Coastal Goldenbush
Small Shrub
Native
Isomeris arborea
Bladderpod
Shrub
Native - Drought tolerant
Iva hayesiana
Poverty Weed
Ground Cover
Erosion control, fast growth,
spreads
Juglans califomica
California Black Walnut
Tree
Juncus scums
Spiny Rush
Perrenial
Native
Keckiella antirrhimades
Yellow Bush Penstemon
Subshmb
Keckiella cordifolia
Heart Leaved Penstemon
Subshmb
Keckiella temata
Blue Stemmed Bush Penstemon
Subshmb
Kniphofia uvaria
Red Hot Poker
Perennial
Lagerstroemia indica
Crape Myrtle
Tree
Lagunaria patersonii
Primrose Tree
Tree
Lamprathus amantiacus
Bush Ice Plant
Ground Cover
Lampranthus frlicaulis
Redondo Creeper
Ground Cover
Lampranthus spectabilis
Trailing Ice Plant
Ground Cover
Lantana camara cultivars
Yellow Sage
Shrub
Water deeply, infrequently
Lantana montevidensis
Trailing Lantana
Shrub
Frost tender
Lasthenia califomica
Dwarf Goldfields
Annual
Lavandula dentata
French Lavender
Shrub
Leptospermum laevigatum
Australian Tea Tree
Shrub
Leucophyllum fmtescens
Texas Ranger
Shrub
Leymus condensatus
Giant Wild Rye
Large Grass
Native
Ligustmmjaponicum
Texas privet
Shrub
White flower color
Limonium pectinatum
no common name
Ground Cover
Drought and salt tolerant
Limonium perezii
Sea Lavender
Shrub
Perennial
Liquidandam styraciflua (8)
American Sweet Gum
Tree
Liriodendron tulipfem
Tulip Tree
Tree
Lonicera japonica `Halliana'
Hall's Japanese Honeysuckle
Vining Shrub
Lonicera subspicata
Wild Honeysuckle
Vining Shrub
Creamy white flowers
Lotus comiculatus
Bird's Foot Trefoil
Ground Cover
Green lush look
Lotus hermannii
Northern Woolly Lotus
Perennial
Lotus scoparius
Deerweed
Shrub
Native
Lupins arizonicus
Desert Lupine
Annual
Lupinus benthamii
Spider Lupine
Annual
Lupinus bicolor
Sky Lupine
Flowering annual
Lupinus sparsifloms
Loosely Flowered Annual
Annual
Lupine /Coulter's Lupine
Lyonotharnnus floribundus ssp.
Femleaf Ironwood
Tree
Asplenifolius
Macadamia integrifolia
Macadamia Nut
Tree
Mahonia aquifolium `Golden
Golden Abundance Oregon
Shrub
Abundance'
Grape
Bright yellow flowers
Mahonia nevenii
Nevin Mahonia
Shrub
Yellow flowers
Malacothamnus Fasciculams
Chappaml Mallow
Shrub
Malephora luteola
Training Ice Plant
Ground Cover
Yellow flowers
4
Revised 8/07
Botanical Name
Common Name
Plant Form
Remarks
Maytenus boaria
Mayten Tree
Tree
Melaleuca nesophila
Pink Melaleuca
Shrub
Metrosideros excelsus
New Zealand Christmas Tree
Tree
Mimulus spp.
Monkeyflower
Flower
Mimbilis califomica
Wishbone Bush
Perrenial
Myoponun debile
no common name
Shrub
Excellent along seacoast
Myopomm insulare
Boobyalla
Shrub
Myoporum parvil£olium
no common name
Ground Cover
Myopomm `Pacificum'
no common name
Ground Cover
Nassella ( stipa) lepidra
Foothill Needlegrass
Ground Cover
Native
Nassella (stipa) pulchra
Purple Needlegrass
Ground Cover
Native
Nemophilia menziesii
Baby Blue Eyes
Annual
Nerium Oleander
Oleander
Shrub
Subject to leaf gall in large
groupings
Nolina cismontana
Chapparal Nolina
Shrub
Nolina spp.
Mexican Grasstree
Shrub
Drought tolerant
Oenothera belandieri
Mexican Evening Primrose
Ground Cover
Oenothera hookeri
California Evening Primrose
Flower
Drought tolerant
Oenothera speciosa
Show Evening Primrose
Perrenial
Ophiopogon japonicus
Mondo Grass
Ground Cover
Opuntia littoralis
Prickly Pear
Cactus
Native
Opuntia oricola
Oracle Cactus
Cactus
Native
Opuntia prolifera
Coast Cholla
Cactus
Native
Osmanthus fragrans
Sweet Olive
Shrub
Osteospermum fraticosum
Training African Daisy
Ground Cover
Parkinsonia aculeata
Mexican Palo Verde
Tree
Yellow flowers
Pelargonium peltatum
Ivy Geranium
Ground Cover
Penstemon spp.
Beard Tongue
Shrub
Photinia fraseria
no common name
Shrub
Pistacia chinesis
Chinese Pistache
Tree
Pittospor nor undulatum
Victorian Box
Tree
Plantago erector
California Plantain
Annual
Plantago insularis
Woolly Plantain
Annual
Plantago sempervirens
Evergreen Plantain
Ground Cover
Grey leaves; drought tolerant
Plantanus racemosa
California Sycamore
Tree
Native
Plumbago auritulata
Plumbago Cape
Shrub
Popolus fremontii
Western Cottonwood
Tree
Native
Portulacaria A£ra
Elephant's Food
Shrub
Potentilla glandulosa
Sticky Cinquefoil
Subshmb
Potentilla tabemaemontanii
Spring Cinquefoil
Ground Cover
Pranus caroliniana
Carolina Cherry Laurel
Shrub /Tree
White flower color
Proms ilicifolia ssp. Ilicifolia
Holly Leafed Cherry
Shrub
Pnmus lyonii
Catalina Cherry
Shrub /Tree
White flower color
Punica granatum
Pomegranate
Shrub /Tree
Puya spp.
Puya
Succulent/Shrub
Phyla nodiflora
Lippia
Ground Cover
Pyracantha spp.
Firethorn
Shrub
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
Tree
Oak woodland
Quercus berberdifolia (9)
California Scrub Oak
Shrub
Valuable soil binder
Quercus dumosa (10)
Coastal Scrub Oak
Shrub
Quercus engelmannii
Engelmann Oak
Tree
Open structure
Quercus sober
Cork Oak
Tree
5
Revised 8/07
Botanical Name
Common Name
Plant Form
Remarks
Rhamnus alatemus
Italian Buckthorn
Shrub
Rhamnus califomica
California Coffee Berry
Shmb
Green leaves; drought
tolerant
Rhamnus crocea
Redberry,
Shrub
Native - Intricate branching
Rhamnus crocea ssp. Ilicifolia
Hollyleaf Redberry
Shrub
Rhaphiolepis spp.
Indian Hawthorne
Shrub
Rhus integrifolia
Lemonade Berry
Shrub
Native - May be trimmed up
to tree form
Rhus lances
African Sumac
Tree
25' height
Rhus ovata(11)
Sugarbush
Shrub
Ribes aureum
Golden Currant
Shrub
Ribes indecorum
White Flowering Currant
Shrub
Ribes speciosum
Fuschia Flowering Goosebberry
Shrub
Native
Ribes vibumifalium
Evergreen currant
Shrub
Romneya coulteri
Matilija Poppy
Shrub
Large showy white flowers
Romneya coulteri `White Cloud'
White Cloud Matilija Poppy
Shrub
Rosmarinus officinalis (12)
Rosemary
Shrub
Salvia greggii (13)
Autums Sage
Shrub
Salvia sonomensis (14)
Creeping Sage
Ground Cover
Sambucus mexicana
Mexican Elderberry
Tree
Drought tolerant
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavender Cotton
Ground Cover
Santolina virens
Green Lavender Cotton
Shrub
Satureja chandleri
San Miguel Savory
Perennial
Scirpis scutus
Hard Stem Bulrush
Perennial
Scirpus califort icus
California Bulmsh
Perennial
Native
Sedum acre
Goldmoss Sedum
Ground Cover
Not recommended on steep
slopes
Sedum album
Green Stonecrop
Ground Cover
Sedum confusum
no common name
Ground Cover
Sedum lineare
no common name
Ground Cover
Sedum x mbrotinctum
Pork and Beans
Ground Cover
Senecio Serpens
no common name
Ground Cover
Sisyrinchium bellum
Blue Eyed Grass
Ground Cover
Drought tolerant
Solanum douglasii
Douglas Nightshade
Shrub
Solarium xantii
Purple nightshade
Perennial
Native
Stenicarpus sinuatus
Firewheel Tree
Tree
Strelitzia nicolai
Giant Bird of Paradise
Perennial
Strelitzia reginae
Bird of Paradise
Perennial
Symphoricarpos mollis
Creeping Snowberry
Shrub
Tecoma stars (Stenolobium stars)
Yellow Bells
Shrub /Small Tree
Tecomaria capensis
Cape Honeysuckle
Ground Cover
Vine
Teucarium chamedrys
Germander
Ground Cover
Thymus serpyllum
Lemon Thyme
Ground Cover
Trachelospermumjasminoides
Star Jasmine
Shrub
White flower color
Trichosstems lanatum
Woolly Blue Curls
Shrub
Trifolium hirtum ` Hyron'
Byron Rose Clover
Ground Cover
Drought tolerant
Trifolium fragetum `O'Connor's'
O'Connor's Legume
Ground Cover
Umbellularia califomica
California Laurel
Tree
Very spreading
Verbena lasiostachys
Western Vervain
Perennial
Verbena pemviana
no common name
Ground Cover
Verbena spp.
Verbena
Ground Cover
Ornamental flowering
Vinca minor
Dwarf Periwinkle
Ground Cover
Very spreading
6
Revised 8/07
Botanical Name
Vitis girdiana
Vulpia myuros `Zorro'
Westringia fruticosa
Xannithorrhoea spp.
Xylosma congestum
Yucca spp.
Yucca whipplei
Common Name
Desert Wild Grape
Zono Annual Fescue
no common name
Grass Tree
Shiny Xylosma
Yucca
Yucca
Plant Form
Vine
Grass
Shrub
Perennial accent/shrub
Shrub
Shrub
Shrub
Remarks
Drought tolerant
Revised 8/07
Approved Plant Palette — Qualification statements for Select Plant Species
1. Acacia redolens desert carpet: May be used in the upper '/z of the °B" fuel modification zone.
The plants may be planted at 8' on center, maximum spacing in meandering zones not to exceed a
mature width of 24' or a mature height of 24 ".
2. Bougainvillea spectabilis ( procumbent varieties): Procumbent to mounding varieties may be
used in the mid `B" fuel modification zone. The plants may be planted in clusters at 6' on center
spacing not to exceed eight plants per cluster. Mature spacing between individual plants or clusters
shall be 30' minimum.
3. Brahea armata: Additional information may be required as directed by NBFD.
4. Brahea brandegeel: Additional information may be required as directed by NBFD.
5. Brahea edulis: May be used in upper and mid `B" fuel modification zone. The plants shall be used
as single specimens with mature spacing between palms of 20' minimum.
6. Hakea Suaveolens: May be used in the mid `B" fuel modification zone. The plants shall be used
as single specimens with mature spacing between plants of 30' minimum.
7. Heteromeles arbutifolia: May be used in the mid to lower `B" fuel modification zone. The plants
may be planted in clusters of up to 3 plants per cluster. Mature spacing between individual plants
or clusters shall be 30' minimum.
8. Liquidambar styraciflua: May be used in the mid `B" fuel modification zone. The plant shall be
used as single specimens with mature spacing between trees and 30' minimum.
9. Quercus berberdifolia: Additional information may be required as directed by NBFD.
10. Quercus dumosa: May be used in the mid to lower `B" fuel modification zone. The plants may be
planted in clusters of up to 3 plants per cluster. Mature spacing between individual plants or
clusters shall be 30' minimum.
11. Rhos ovata: May be used in the mid to lower `B" fuel modification zone of inland areas only. The
plants may be planted in clusters of up to 3 plants per cluster. Mature spacing between individual
plants or clusters shall be 30' minimum.
12. Rosmarinus officinalis: Additional information may be required as directed by NBFD.
13. Salvia greggii: Additional information may be required as directed by NBFD.
14. Salvia sonomensis: May be used in the mid to upper `B" fuel modification zone. The plants may
be planted in clusters of up to 3 plants per cluster. Mature spacing between individual plants or
clusters shall be 15' minimum.
City of Newport Beach NBR • F &LSP
Urban Wildland Interface Area Attachment 1c
Standard for Hazard Reduction
UNDESIRABLE PLANT SPECIES
Certain plants are considered to be undesirable in the landscape due to characteristics that make them highly
flammable. These characteristics can be either physical or chemical. Physical properties that would
contribute to high flammability include large amounts of dead material retained within the plant, rough or
peeling bark, and the production of copious amount of litter. Chemical properties include the presence of
volatile substances such as oils, resins, wax, and pitch. Certain native plants are notorious for containing
these volatile substances.
Plants with these characteristics shall not be planted in any of the fuel modification zones. Should these
species already exist within these areas, they shall be removed because of the potential threat they pose to any
structures. They are referred to as target species since their complete removal is a critical part of hazard
reduction. These fire -prone plant species are (but not limited to):
COMBUSTIBLE PLANT LIST (MANDATORY REMOVAL)
Common Name Botanical Name
Artichoke Thistle
Cynam cardunculus
Castor Bean plant
Ricinus commons
Wild Artichoke
Cirsium vulgare
Black Mustard
Brassica nigra
Milk Thistle
Silybum marianum
Russian Thistle/Tumbleweed
Salsola australis
Indian Tabacco
Nicotiana bigelovii
Tree Tobacco
Nicotiana glauca
Prickly Lettuce
Lactuca serriola
Horseweed
Conyza canadensis
Telegraph Plant
Heterotheca grandiflora
Mayweed
Anthemix cmula
Burning Nettle
Urtica Urens
Noary Cress, Perennial Peppergrass
Cardaria drabs
Wild Turnip, Yellow Mustard, Field
Brassica rapa
Mustard
Chamise
Adenostoma fasciculatum
Red Shanks
Adenostoma sparsifolium
Pampas Grass
Cartaderia selloana
California Sagebrush
Artemisia californica
Common Buckwheat
Eriogonum fasciculatum
Black Sage
Salvia mellifera
Pampas Grass
Corraders
Cypress
Cupressus sp
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus sp
Juniper
Juniperus sp
Pine
Pious sp
Revised 2/10
NBR•F &LSP
Attachment 2a
CHAPTER 47
REQUIREMENTS FOR WILDLAND -URBAN INTERFACE FIRE AREAS
SECTION 4701
GENERAL
4701.1 Scope. The mitigation of conditions where a wildfire
burning in vegetative fuels may readily transmit fire to build-
ings and threaten to destroy life, overwhelm fire suppression
capabilities, or result in large property losses shall comply with
this chapter.
4701.2 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to provide mini-
mum standards to increase the ability ofa building to resist the
intrusion offame or burning embers being projected by a vege-
tation fire and contributes to a systematic reduction in confla-
gration losses through the use ofperforrnance and prescriptive
requirements.
SECTION 4702
DEFINITIONS
4702.1 General. For the purpose of this chapter, certain terms
are defined as follows:
CDF DIRECTOR means the Director of the California
Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.
FIRE PROTECTION PLAN is a document prepared for a
specific project or development proposed for a Wildland-
Urban Interface Fire Area. It describes ways to minimize and
mitigate potential far loss from wildfire exposure.
The Fire Protection Plan shall be in accordance with this
chapter. When required by the enforcing agency for the pur-
poses of granting modifications, afire protection plan shall be
submitted. Only locally adopted ordinances that have been
filed with the California Building Standards Commission in
accordance with Section 101.14 or the Department ofHousing
and Community Development in accordance with Section
101.15 shall apply.
FIRE HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES are geographical areas
designated pursuant to California Public Resources Codes
Sections 4201 through 4204 and classified as Very High, High,
or Moderate in State Responsibility Areas or as Local Agency
Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones designated pursuant to
California Government Code Sections 51175 through 51189.
The California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 1280
entitles the maps of these geographical areas as "Maps of the
Fire Hazard Severity Zones in the State Responsibility Area of
California."
LOCAL AGENCY VERY HIGH FIRE HAZARD SEVER -
ITY ZONE means an area designated by a local agency upon
the recommendation of the CDFDirector pursuant to Govern-
ment Code Sections 51177(c), 51178 and 51189 that is not a
state responsibility area and where a local agency, city, county,
city and county, or district is responsible for fire protection.
STATE RESPONSIBILITYAREA means lands that are clas-
sified by the Board of Forestry pursuant to Public Resources
Code Section 4125 where the financial responsibility of
preventing and suppressing forest fires is primarily the respon-
sibility of the state.
WILDFIRE is any uncontrolled fire spreading through vegeta-
tive fuels that threatens to destroy life, property, or resources as
defined in Public Resources Code Sections 4103 and 4104.
WILDFIRE EXPOSURE is one or a combination of radiant
heat, convective heat, direct fame contact and burning embers
being projected by vegetation fire to a structure and its immedi-
ate environment.
WILDLAND -URBAN INTERFACE FIRE AREA is a geo-
graphical area identified by the state as a "Fire Hazard Sever-
ity Zane" in accordance with the Public Resources Code
Sections 4201 through 4204 and Government Code Sections
51175 through 51189, or other areas designated by the enforc-
ing agency to be at a significant risk from wildfires. See Article
86B for the applicable referenced sections of the Government
Code and the Public Resources Code.
SECTION 4703
PLANS [RESERVED]
SECTION 4704
FIRE HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES
4704.1 General. Lands in the state are classified by the CDF
Director in accordance with the severity of wildfire hazard
expected to prevail in those areas and the responsibility. for fire
protection, so that measures may be identified which will
reduce the potential for losses to life, property, and resources
from wildfire.
4704.2 Classifications. The CDFDirectorclassifes lands into
fire hazard severity zones in accordance with California Public
Resources Code Sections 4201 through 4204 for State Respon-
sibility Areas and in accordance with Government Code Sec-
tions 51175 through 51189 for areas where a local agency is
responsible for fire protection.
SECTION 4705
WILDLAND -URBAN INTERFACE FIRE AREA
4705.1 General. Construction methods and requirements to
mitigate wildfire exposure shall be applied within geograph-
ical areas where a wildfire burning in vegetative fuels may
readily transmit fire to buildings and threaten to destroy life,
overwhelm fire suppression capabilities, or result in large
property losses.
4705.2 Construction methods and requirements within estab-
lished limits. Within the limits established by law, construction
methods intended to mitigate wildfire exposure shall comply
with the California Building Code Chapter 7A, and this chap-
ter.
2007 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 489
REQUIREMENTS FOR WILDLAND -URBAN INTERFACE FIRE AREAS
4705.3 Establishment of limits. The establishment oflimits for
the Wildland- Urban Interface Fire Area's required construc-
tion methods shall be designated pursuant to the California
Public Resources Code for State Responsibility areas or by a
local agency following a finding supported by substantial evi-
dence in the record that the requirements of this section are
necessary for effecth c f re protection within the area.
SECTION 4706
VEGETATION MANAGEMENT [RESERVED]
SECTION 4707
DEFENSIBLE SPACE [RESERVED]
SECTION 4708
MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR
EXTERIOR WILDFIRE EXPOSURE
4708.1 Scope, purpose and application.
4708.1.1 Scope. This chapter applies to building materials,
systems and or assemblies used in the exterior design and
construction of new buildings located within a Wildland-
Urban Interface Fire Area as defined in this chapter.
4708.1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to estab-
lish minimum standards for the protection of life and prop-
erty by increasing the ability of a building located in any
Fire Hazard Severity Zone within State Responsibility Areas
or any Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Area to resist the
intrusion offlame or burning embers projected by a vegeta-
tion fire and contributes to a systematic reduction in confla-
gration losses.
4708.1.3 Application. New buildings located in any Fire
Hazard Severity Zone within State Responsibility Areas or
any Wildland- Urban Interface Fire Area designated by the
enforcing agency for which an application for a building
permit is submitted on or after December 1, 2005, shall
comply with the following Sections:
1. 4710.1 Roofing
2. 4710.2 Attic Ventilation
4708.2 Alternates for materials, design, tests, and methods of
construction. The enforcing agency is permitted to modify the
provisions of this chapter for site - .specific conditions in accor-
dance with the California Building Code Appendix Chapter 1,
Section 104.10. When required by the enforcing agency,far the
purposes ofgranting modifications, afire protection plan shall
be submitted in accordance with the Chapter 47.
SECTION 4709
STANDARDS OF QUALITY [RESERVED]
SECTION 4710
MATERIALS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF
CONSTRUCTION
4710.1 Roofing.
4710.1.1 General. Roofs shall comply with the require-
ments of this chapter and the California Building Code,
Chapter 15. Roofs shall have a roofing assembly installed in
accordance with its listing and the manufacturer's installa-
tion instructions.
4710.1.2 Roof coverings. Where the roof profile allows a
space between the roof covering and roof decking, the
.spaces shall be constructed to prevent the intrusion of
flames and embers, be firestopped with approved materials
or have one layer of No. 72 ASTM cap sheet installed over
the combustible decking.
4710.1.3 Roof valleys. When provided, valley flashings
shall be not less 0.019 -inch ( 0.48 mm) (No. 26 galvanized
sheet gage) corrosion- resistant metal installed over a mini-
mum 36- inch -wide (914 mm) underlayment consisting of
one layer ofNo. 72 ASTM cap sheet running the full length
of the valley.
4710.1.4 Roof gutters. Roof gutters shall be provided with
the means to prevent the accumulation of leaves and debris
in the gutter.
4710.2 Attic ventilation.
4710.2.1 General. When required by the California Build-
ing Code, Chapter 15, roof and attic vents shall resist the
intrusion offlame and embers into the attic area of the struc-
ture, or shall be protected by corrosion - resistant, noncom-
bustible wire mesh with '/4 -inch (6 mm) openings or its
equivalent.
4710.2.2 Eave or cornice vents. Vents shall not be installed
in eaves and cornices.
Exception: Eave and cornice vents may be used pro-
vided they resist the intrusion of flame and burning
embers into the attic area of the structure.
SECTION 4711
EXTERIOR WALLS [RESERVED]
SECTION 4712
DECKING, FLOORS AND UNDERFLOOR
PROTECTION [RESERVED]
SECTION 4713
ANCILLARY BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
[RESERVED]
490 2007 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE
NBR • F &LSP
Attachment 2b
CHAPTER 7A [SFMI
MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR
EXTERIOR WILDFIRE EXPOSURE
SECTION 701A
SCOPE, PURPOSE AND APPLICATION
701A.] Scope. This chapter applies to building materials, sys-
tems and/or assemblies used in the exterior design and con-
struction of new buildings located within a Wildland- Urban
Interface Fire Area as defined in Section 702A.
701A.2 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to establish
minimum standards for the protection of life and property by
increasing the ability of a building located in any Fire Hazard
Severity Zone within State Responsibility Areas or any
Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Area to resist the intrusion of
flames or burning embers projected by a vegetation, fire and
contributes to a systematic reduction in conflagration losses.
701A.3 Application. New buildings located in any Fire Hazard
Severity Zone within State Responsibility Areas or any
Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Area designated by the enforc-
ing agency for which an application for a building permit is
submitted on or after December 1, 2005, shall comply with the
following sections:
1. 704A.1— Roofing
2. 704A.2 —Attic Ventilation
701A.3.1 Alternates for materials, design, tests, and meth-
ods of construction. The enforcing agency is permitted to
modify the provisions of this chapter for site - specific condi-
tions in accordance with Appendix Chapter 1, Section
104.10. When required by the enforcing agency for the pur-
poses of granting modifications, afire protection plan shall
be submitted in accordance with the California Fire Code,
Chapter 47.
701A.3.2 New buildings located in any fire hazard severity
zone. New buildings located in any Fire Hazard Severity
Zone; or any Wildland -Urban Interface Fire Area desig-
nated by the enforcing agency for which an application for a
building permit is submitted on or after January 1, 2008,
shall comply with all sections of this chapter.
701A.3.2.1 Inspection and certification. Building per-
mit applications and final completion approvals for
buildings within the scope and application of this chap-
ter shall comply with the following.'
701A.3.2.2 The local building official shall, prior to con-
struction, provide the owner or applicant a certification
that the building as proposed to be built complies with all
applicable state and local building standards, including
those for materials and construction methodsfo r wildfire
exposure as described in this chapter.
701A.3.2.3 The local building official shall, upon com-
pletion of construction, provide the owner or applicant
with a copy of the final inspection report that demon-
strates the building was constructed in compliance with
all applicable state and local building standards, includ-
ing those for materials and construction methods for
wildlife exposure as described in this chapter.
701A.3.2.4 Prior to building permit final approval the
property shall be in compliance with the vegetation
clearance requirements prescribed in California Public
Resources Code 4291 California Government Code Sec-
tion 51182.
SECTION 702A
DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this chapter, certain terms are defined
below:
CDF DIRECTOR means the Director of the California
Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.
FIRE PROTECTION PLAN is a document prepared for a
specific project or development proposed for a Wildland Urban
Interface Fire Area. It describes ways to minimize and mitigate
potential for loss from wildfire exposure.
The Fire Protection Plan shall be in accordance with this
chapter and the California Fire Code, Chapter 47. When
required by the enforcing agency,for the purposes of granting
modifications, afire protection plan shall be submitted. Only
locally adopted ordinances that have been filed with the Cali-
fornia Building Standards Commission or the Department of
Housing and Community Development in accordance with
Section 101.8 shall apply.
FIRE HAZARD SEVERITYZONES are geographical areas
designated pursuant to California Public Resources Codes
Sections 4201 through 4204 and classified as Very High, High,
or Moderate in State Responsibility Areas or as Local Agency
Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones designated pursuant to
California Government Code, Sections 51175 through 51189.
See California Fire Code Article 86.
The California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 1280,
entitles the maps of these geographical areas as "Maps of the
Fire Hazard Severity Zones in the State Responsibility Area of
California."
IGNITION - RESISTANT MATERIAL is any product which,
when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84, for a period of 30
minutes, shall have aflame spread of not over 25 and show no
evidence of progressive combustion. In addition, the fame
from shall not progress more than I0' /2 feet (3200 mm) beyond
the centerline of the burner at any time during the test.
Materials shall pass the accelerated weathering test and be
identified as exterior type, in accordance with ASTM D 2898
and ASTM D 3201. All materials shall bear identification
showing the fire performance rating thereof. That identifica-
tion .shall be issued by 1CC -ES or a testing facility recognized
2007 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 235
MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR EXTERIOR WILDFIRE EXPOSURE
by the State Fire Marshal having a service for inspection of
materials at the factory.
Fire - Retardant- Treated Wood or noncombustible materials
as defined in Section 202 shall satisfy the intent of this section.
The enforcing agency may use other definitions of igni-
tion- resistant material that reflect wildfire exposure to building
materials andlor their materials, performance in resisting
ignition.
LOCAL AGENCY VERY HIGH FIRE HAZARD SEVER -
ITY ZONE means an area designated by a local agency upon
the recommendation of the CDF Director pursuant to Govern-
ment Code Sections 51177(c), 51178 and 5118 that is not a
state responsibility area and where a local agency, city, county,
city and county, or district is responsible for f re protection.
STATE RESPONSIBILITYAREA means lands that are clas-
sified by the Board of Forestry pursuant to Public Resources
Code Section 4125 where the financial responsibility of pre-
venting and suppressing forest fires is primarily the responsi-
bility of the state.
WILDFIRE is any uneontrolledfire spreading through vegeta-
tive fuels that threatens to destroy life, property, or resources as
defined in Public Resources Code Sections 4103 and 4104.
WILDFIRE EXPOSURE is one or a combination of radiant
heat, convective heat, directflame contact and burning embers
being projected by vegetation fire to a structure and its immedi-
ate environment.
WILDLAND -URBAN INTERFACE FIRE AREA is a geo-
graphical area identified by the state as a "Fire Hazard Sever-
ity Zone" in accordance with the Public Resources Code
Sections 4201 through 4204 and Government Code Sections
51175 through 51189, or other areas designated by the enforc-
ing agency to be at a significant riskfram wildfires. See Section
706Afor the applicable referenced sections of the Government
Code and the Public Resources Code.
SECTION 703A
STANDARDS OF QUALITY
703A.1 General. Material, systems, and methods of construc-
tion used shall be in accordance with this Chapter.
703A.2 Qualification by testing. Material and material assem-
blies tested in accordance with the requirements of Section
703A shall be accepted for use when the results and conditions
of those tests are met. Testing shall be performed by a testing
agency approved by the State Fire Marshal or identified by an
ICC -ES report.
703A.3 Standards of quality. The State Fire Marshal stan-
dards listed below and as referenced in this chapter are located
in the California Referenced Standards Code, Part 12 and
Chapter 35 of this code.
SFM 12 -7A -1, Exterior Wall Siding and Sheathing.
SFM 12 -7A -2, Exterior Window.
SFM 12 -7A -3, Under Lave.
SFM 12 -7A -4, Decking.
SECTION 704A
MATERIALS, SYSTEMS AND
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
704A.1 Roofing.
704A.1.1 General. Roofs shall comply with the require-
ments of Chapter 7A and Chapter 15. Roofs shall have a
roofingassembly installed in accordance with its listing and
the manufacturer's installation instructions.
704A.1.2 Roof coverings. Where the roof profile allows a
space between the roof covering and roof decking, the
spaces shall be constructed to prevent the intrusion of
,flames and embers, be firestopped with approved materials
or have one layer of No. 72 ASTM cap sheet installed over
the combustible decking.
704A.1.3 Roof valleys. When provided, valley fashings
shall be not less than 0.019 -inch (0.48 mm) (No. 26 galva-
nized sheet gage) corrosion - resistant metal installed over a
minimum 36- inch -wide (914 mm) underhryment consisting
of one layer of No. 72 ASTM cap sheet running the full
length of the valley.
704A.1.4 Reserved.
704A.1.5 Roof gutters. Roof gutters shall be provided with
the means to prevent the accumulation of leaves and debris
in the gutter.
704A.2 Attic ventilation.
704A.2.1 General. When required by Chapter 15, roof and
attic vents shall resist the intrusion offlame and embers into
the attic area of the structure, or shall be protected by corro-
sion- resistant, noncombustible wire mesh with 'I,-inch (6
mm) openings or its equivalent.
704A.2.2 Eave or cornice vents. Vents shall not be installed
in eaves and cornices.
Exception: Eave and cornice vents may be used pro-
vided they resist the intrusion of fame and burning
embers into the attic area of the structure.
704A.2.3 Eave protection. Eaves and soffits shall meet the
requirements of SFM 12 -7A -3 or shall be protected by igni-
tion - resistantmaterials or noncombustible construction on
the exposed underside.
704A.3 Exterior walls.
704A.3.1 General. Exterior walls .shall be approved
noncombustible or ignition - resistant material, heavy tim-
ber, or log wall construction or shall provide protection
,from the intrusion offames and embers in accordance with
standard SFM 12 -7A -1.
704A.3.1.1 Exterior wall coverings. Exterior wall cov-
erings shall extend from the top of the foundation to the
roof, and terminate at 2 -inch (50.8 mm) nominal solid
wood blocking between rafters at all roof overhangs, or
in the case ofenclosed eaves, terminate at the enclosure.
704A.3.2 Exterior wall openings. Exterior wall openings
shall be in accordance with this section.
704A.3.2.1 Exterior wall vents. Unless otherwise pro-
hibited by other provisions of this code, vent openings in
236 2007 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE
MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR EXTERIOR WILDFIRE EXPOSURE
exterior walls shall resist the intrusion of flame and
embers into the structure or vents shall be screened with
a corrosion - resistant, noncombustible wire mesh with
t /q- inch (6 mm) openings or its equivalent.
704A.3.2.2 Exteriorglazing and window walls. Exterior
windows, window walls, glazed doors, and glazed open-
ings within exterior doors shall be insulating -glass units
with a minimum of one tempered pane, or glass block
units, or have afire-resistance rating of not less than 20
minutes, when tested according to ASTM E 2010, or con-
form to the performance requirements of SFM 12 -7A -2.
704A.3.2.3 Exterior door assemblies. Exterior door
assemblies shall conform to the performance require-
ments of standard SFM 12 -7A -1 or shall be of approved
noncombustible construction, or solid core wood having
stiles and rails not less than 1318 inches thick with interior
field panel thickness no less than 1' /4 inches thick, or
shall have afire-resistance rating ofnot less than 20 min-
utes when tested according to ASTM E 2074.
Exception: Noncombustible or exterior fire- retar-
dant treated wood vehicle access doors are not
required to comply with this chapter.
704A.4 Decking, floors and underfloor protection.
704A.4.1 Decking.
704A.4.1.1 Decking surfaces. Decking, surfaces, stair
treads, risers, and landings ofdecks, porches, and balco-
nies where any portion of such surface is within 10 feet
(3048 mm) of the primary structure shall comply with
one of the following methods:
1. Shall be constructed of ignition- resistant materi-
als andpass the performance requirements ofSFM
12 -7A -4, Parts A and B.
2. Shall be constructed with heavy timber, exterior
fire- retardant - treated wood or approved noncom-
bustible materials.
3. Shall pass the performance requirements of SFM
12 -7A -4, Part A, 12- 7A- 4.7.5.1 only with a net
peak heat release rate of25MIsq ftfora 40 -min-
ute observation period and:
a. Decking surface material shall pass the ac-
celerated weathering test and be identified
asexteriortype, in accordance with ASTM E
84 and;
b. The exterior wall covering to which it the
deck is attached and within 10 (3048 mm)
feet of the deck shall be constructed of ap-
proved noncombustible or ignition resistant
material.
Exception: Walls are not required to comply
with this subsection if the decking surface
material conforms to ASTM E -84 Class B
flame spread.
The use of paints, coatings, stains, or other surface
treatments are not an approved method of protection as
required in this chapter.
704A.4.2 Underfloor and appendages protection
704A.4.2.1 Underside of appendages and floor projec-
tions. The underside of cantilevered and overhanging
appendages and floor projections shall maintain the
ignition- resistant integrity of exterior walls, or the pro-
jection shall be enclosed to the grade.
704A.4.2.2 Unenclosed underfloor protection. Build-
ings shall have all underfloor areas enclosed to the
grade with exterior walls in accordance with Section
704A.3.
Exception: The complete enclosure of under floor
areas may be omitted where the underside of all
exposed floors, exposed structural columns, beams
and supporting walls are protected as required with
exterior ignition- resistant material construction or be
heavy timber.
704A.5 Ancillary buildings and structures.
704A.5.1 Ancillary buildings and structures. When
required by the enforcing agency, ancillary buildings and
structures and detached accessory structures shall comply
with the provisions of this chapter.
2007 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 237
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 3
Fuel Management and
Maintenance Program Analysis
Newport Banning Ranch
Newport Beach, California
June 2010
Prepared by:
f iresute
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page I 1
Table of Contents
1
Purpose of Report ................................................................................................
............................... 3
2
Geographic Description .......................................................................................
............................... 3
3
Site Fire Hazard Assessment ...............................................................................
............................... 4
4
Fuel Management ................................................................................................
............................... 9
5
The Fuel Management Program ..........................................................................
............................... 9
6
Calculating Fire Behavior ..................................................................................
............................... 12
7
Wildland Interface Fuel Types ..........................................................................
............................... 14
8
Wind Patterns and Structure Alignment ............................................................
............................... 15
9
BehavePlus Fire Behavior Inputs and Results ...................................................
............................... 21
10
BehavePlus Calculation Results Analysis .........................................................
............................... 24
11
Structure Ignition Assessment Model ( SIAM) ..................................................
............................... 26
12
Report Summary ................................................................................................
............................... 26
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 12
1 Purpose of Report
Firesafe Planning Solutions performed an assessment of how the fuel management and maintenance
program (FMMP) will reduce the intensity of a wildfire approaching The Newport Banning Ranch
residential community. This fire analysis report provides the results of the assessment and shows
support of the fuel management installation and maintenance program. The study takes into
consideration existing vegetative interface fuels, future re- vegetated interface areas, topography, and
weather conditions during a fire. The study includes expected fire behavior burning within off -site and
on -site vegetation. Additionally exterior and interior located perimeter vegetation treatment and
maintenance plan are addressed. The fire intensity from worst case scenario examples has been
calculated and the results of fire behavior calculations were are simulated against the fire protection
design built into the Newport Banning Ranch (NBR) development.
2 Geographic Description
The NBR site is not located within an existing Special Fire Protection Area. Once developed, the site
will be designated as a Special Fire Protection Area as it is within the sphere of the city of Newport
Beach Fire Department's guidelines and City staff has indicated it will require such designation.
The future community will be mostly attached to existing development on the southwest, south, and
east. The NBR planned community is located west of the city of Costa Mesa. The entire east side of
NBR is bordered by existing commercial, light industrial, and residential development. For the sake of
wildland interface, the new tracts will fill -in the area between two existing built -out developments,
similar to bridge connecting the developments together except for the Oxbow Loop (Semeniuk Slough)
located to the west. The northwest side of NBR will have a moderate wildland interface from vegetation
within the existing adjacent oil fields situated 50 -75 feet below the future community. The south side of
the community is bordered by West (Pacific) Coast Highway and small moderate - hazard vegetative
areas near the coastal bluffs along the highway.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 13
(Figure 1) Most of the development perimeter in yellow does not have a wildland interface due to
existing surrounding developments on the south -west, south, and east.
3 Site Fire Hazard Assessment
Most of the future homes will border the Bluff Park edges, which itself will adjoin upland areas of the
Open Space Preserve, including an interior located drainage arroyo that separates the north and south
development areas. This "Large Arroyo" will continue to support a healthy coastal sage scrub plant
community or be restored to coastal sage scrub vegetation or upland grassland. Droughts have had an
impact on existing coastal sage scrub plant communities. The recent rains have caused the shrub type
vegetation on the site to support much greener and denser vegetation presently, and non - native grasses
and weeds are more prevalent too. During droughts, coastal sage scrub plant communities can have a
large percentage of dead material. This is due to the Mediterranean climate where long wet winters
promote lots of new growth and long dry summer seasons can cause parts of the plants to die back. The
shrubs on the interior arroyos are primarily dominated by Encelia Califomica, which grows between 1 -3
feet in height and is on the approved Fire Department plant list. Other types of vegetation in and
adjacent to the interior located drainage arroyos are:
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page l 4
3.1 Oil Lease and Interior Arrovo Vegetation:
TVne Annroximate Height Ft. Approximate Width Ft.
• Baccharis 5 3
• Saltbush 3 8
• Lemonadeberry 7 7
• Toyon 7 7
• Bladder Pod 3 3
• Mulefat 7 3
• Willow 15 12
• Cactus
Other species found on -site that are determined by The City of Newport Beach Fire Department as being
highly combustible are required to be continuously removed from the fuel management zone: Pampas
Grass, Buckwheat, Artemisia, Black Sage, Thistles, Mustard, and Castor Bean.
(Figure 2) Photo of the interior arroyo vegetation. Notice the vegetation on the slopes of the arroyos is
mostly only as tall as the cactus is except for the willows in the drainage.
Id
3.2 62 Street Oxbow Loop Development Perimeter Vegetation: (Not a direct Interface)
Tvpe
• Pine
• Pepper
• Chinese Elm
• Juniper
• Ice Plant / Covers
• Eucalyptus
• Willow
• Palm
• Ornamental shrubs
Annroximate Height Ft.
15
15
15
9
1
20
15
25
8
Approximate Width Ft.
10
12
7
7
20
12
12
10 -20
6
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 15
(Figure 3) These species are located along the banks of the Oxbow Loop and are not a fire hazard to the
proposed structures. The road between the bank vegetation and the slope leading up near the future
development helps as a fire break. The types of vegetation on the slopes on the opposite side of the
Oxbow Loop and road are the same as within the oil lease and interior arroyos.
Specific plant palettes are identified in this document for the various zones within the fuel management
areas. These palettes have been reviewed and approved by the Newport Beach Fire Department and
landscape architects.
In addition to areas currently vegetated with the coastal sage scrub, the Project will establish new
plantings within the Project as a habitat area for raptors. This area will be designed as an upland
grasslands area. It will be maintained with specific plant species and will not be allowed to transition
into a shrub or chaparral plant community. It will be maintained by "hand plucking" any plant materials
not on the approved list on an annual basis to maintain its value as a raptor habitat.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 16
3.3 Upland Native Grassland Mosaic Restoration Areas
Upland Grassland Mosaic Restoration Areas will be established within the center of the Project area and
adjacent to the developed areas. Most of these will be in the intermediate Zone `B" between the
wildland and the irrigated fuel management zones. These areas will be vegetated with a suite of native
bunchgrasses, succulents, cactus, and other low height/fuel volume native plants suitable for raptor
foraging and as gnatcatcher and cactus wren habitat as summarized below.
UPLAND NATIVE GRASSLAND MOSAIC PLANT PALETTE
HABITAT RESTORATION /FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE "C"
Botanical Name
Common Name
Grasslands
Bothriochloa barbinodis
Beardgrass
Distichlis spicata
Saltgrass
Lasthenia californica
California goldfields
Melica imperfecta
Coast Range Melica
Nassella lepida
Foothill needlegrass
Nassella pulchra Purple needlegrass
Succulent Scrub Mosaic
Non - Combustible /Succulent Species
Cylindropuntia prolifera
Coastal cholla
Opuntia littoralis
Coastal prickly pear
Suaeda taxifolia
Woolly sea -blite
Fire- Resistive Shrub Species
Encelia californica 111
California encelia (i)
Isocoma menziesd (A)
Coastal goldenbush (D
Isomeris arborea (1)
Bladderpod ('1
Lycium californicum
California boxthorn co
(1) This plant species may not he located within 50 fee( of homes.
3.4 Vernal Pool Restoration and Edees
An existing vernal pool southwest of the intersection of Bluff Road and 17`h Street restoration will be
restored as part of Project's Habitat Restoration Plan (HRP). The HRP will protect and restore the
degraded habitat within the pool boundary and provide an open space buffer around the pool.
As shown below, the plant palettes for the Vernal Pool Restoration Area and for the Vernal Pool
Watershed Area (surrounding the Pool) have both been designed as low - growing suites of native plant
species that will provide appropriate habitat consistent with the habitat mitigation objectives for the
Project.
The Vernal Pool Restoration and Watershed Areas are adjoined by the vernal pool interpretive park and
adjacent public streets, including Bluff Road and Scenic Drive. One edge of the Vernal Pool Watershed
Area will be developed with homes. A six- foot -high radiant heat wall shall be constructed along this
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a g e l?
residential edge.' This wall, in conjunction with plant heights of 12 inches or less, will provide
protection for the homes from a fire originating in that area. The precise design and location of the
radiant heat wall will be shown in the final Fire Master Plan (see Section 10).
PLANT PALETTE — VERNAL POOL RESTORATION AREA
Botanic Name
Common Name
Plant Height
Cressa truxillensis
Alkali weed
2 to 6 inches
Distichlis s icata
Salt grass
4 to 8 inches
Frankenia salina
Alkali heath
4 to 8 inches
Heliotro um curassivicum
Seaside heliotrope
4 to 8 inches
Lasthenia calf arnica
California goldfields
4 to 8 inches
Lu inus bicolor
Miniature lupine
4 to 8 inches
Malvella le rosa
1 Alkali side
1 2 to 6 in
Planta o erecta
I Western plantain
3 to 6 inches
S er ularia marina
I Saltmarsh sand spurrey
1 to 4 inches
PLANT PALETTE — VERNAL POOL WATERSHED AREA
Botanic Name
Common Name
Plant Height
Cressa truxillensis
Alkali weed
2 to 6 inches
Distichlis s icata
Salt grass
4 to 8 inches
Dudle a lanceolata (succulent)
Lance- leaved dudle a
12 inches
Dtdle a ulverulenta succulent
Chalk dudleya
12 inches
Frankenia Salina
Alkali seaheath
4 to 8 inches
Lasthenia calf arnica
Dwarf goldfields
4 to 8 inches
Lu inus bicolor
Miniature lupine
4 to 8 inches
Malvella le rosa
Alkali side
2 to 6 inches
Melica im er ecta
Coast range melic
16 inches
Nassella pulchra
Purple needle grass
18 inches
O untia littoralis succulent
Coast prickly-pear
36 inches
O untie prolifera succulent
Coast cholla
48 inches
Planta o erecta
Western plantain
3 to 6 inches
Suaeda taxi olio (succulent)
Wool sea -blite
1 12 inches
Both the upland native grassland mosaic and vernal pool areas are depicted on the Fuel Management
Plan graphic attached to this report.
A radiant heat wall is typically a six- foot -high solid masonry wall. Certain types of insulated glass products may be
incorporated into radiant heat walls to provide a "view wall." For example, Superlite IIAL, Pyrostop, Pyrobel,
Contraflam, and Swissflam are glazing products rated 60- minute plus to ASTME119, limit temperature rise to 250F
degrees, and reduce radiant heat flux to 0 kilowatts per square meter.
,nt B. 1MP Page I8
4 Fuel Management
Fuel management is land that is designated for the installation of plant species and land with selectively
removed native vegetation. A fuel management program starts when the local governmental planning
department places development construction conditions requiring a fuel management program. Any new
development occurring within lands containing highly combustible native vegetation needs management
of the vegetation at the urban interface in order to protect structures. High -fuel and volatile native plants
are generally replaced with drought- tolerant, fire - resistant species in order to slow the speed and
intensity of an approaching wildfire.
Fuel management programs vary in complexity and designs. They are dependent upon the type and
spacing of vegetation as well as topography, weather conditions, and the placement of structure within
the development Project. Irrigated fuel management zones help to reduce the impacts of wildfire before
they spread to structures. The reduction of available native fuels , which have been replaced by fire
resistive plant types, will cause a reduction in the intensity of a fire when approaching homes /structures.
Fuel management is as an on -going maintenance program because the program requires zones to be
maintained indefinitely. Installing new plants works great initially and maintenance is easy, but proper
long -term maintenance can be difficult if not done correctly. Experienced techniques can assist in
extending the longest possible life span for the plants. Funds for fuel management maintenance need to
be anticipated in the annual budget of association dues. Proper and consistent maintenance can save on
the total long -term cost of maintenance over long periods of time or the failure of the protection system
with wide spread consequences to the building owners and the city.
5 The Fuel Management Program
The Fuel Management Program designed for the NBR is very similar to fuel management programs
approved in the County of Orange within the last 5 years. The design of NBR is very similar to the
Marblehead coastal development in the City of San Clemente, the Brighwater coastal development in
Huntington Beach, and the Dana Point Headlands Reserve development. The Marblehead development
was approved with fuel management zones less in total width than what is proposed for NBR and
additionally there is a greater -sized coastal sage scrub habitat preserved within these developments.
Marblehead Coastal and Dana Headlands Preserve are similar in proximity to the ocean, topography,
and plant species. All three developments were regulated by the California Coastal Commission which
created the requirement to preserve specific plant species both on- and off -site.
The Fuel Management and Maintenance Program (FMMP) requires regular maintenance activities to be
done routinely on an indefinite basis generally by the future Homeowners Association (HOA). The fuel
management zones will be originally installed and maintained by the master developer until the ongoing
maintenance responsibility is turned over to the ultimate maintenance entity. Where fuel management
areas include road right -of -way, they may be maintained by the City. Where fuel management areas are
FMZ Zone "C ", they will be maintained by the Banning Ranch Conservancy Group (to be determined).
The maintenance requirements are clearly shown on the fuel management plans. The developer will
distribute the approved plans with maintenance requirements directly to the Homeowners Association at
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 19
a required maintenance turnover meeting. The program requires The City of Newport Beach Fire
Department to be present at the maintenance turnover.
The following fuel management zones are safe designs based on results the size of the wildland areas,
type of vegetation, and amount of vegetation, the fuel /structure wind alignments, and the BehavePlus
Calculation Results Analysis in this report.
The fuel management Area is a minimum of 120 feet in total width and divided into three (3) zones:
5.1 Zone "A"
• Zone "A" is generally a minimum 20- foot -wide flat or level -grade defensible space consisting
of irrigated landscape and/or hardscape. Zone "A" will be located on private lots, within the
Bluff Park, and/or within road rights -of -way.
• Combustible structures are prohibited within Zone "A ". Vegetation shall be consistent with
the permitted plant palette and densities for Zone "A" shown in Attachment la. Plants
determined by the Fire Department to be highly combustible or otherwise undesirable shall be
removed during regular maintenance (see Attachment lb for "undesirable" plant list).
• Depending upon the land use, Zone "A" shall be maintained by individual property owners, a
Homeowners Association or similar community entity, or (for public roadways) by the City.
• There are no sensitive habitats within or adjacent to Zone "A ", and thinning and /or removal of
non - approved landscape shall be permitted throughout the year.
5.2 Zone "B"
• Zone `B° is generally a minimum 50- foot -wide space adjacent to Zone "A" and closer to the
native vegetation areas. It consists of trails, hardscape, and/or irrigated low -fuel volume
landscape within the portion of the Bluff Park adjacent to the Open Space Site Planning Areas.
The irrigation system shall be designed to mimic normal /average rainfall and to provide the
necessary moisture to the plants during dry periods or seasons.
• As in Zone A, combustible structures are prohibited within Zone "B ". Vegetation within Zone
"B" shall be consistent with the permitted plant palette and densities for Zone "B" shown in
Attachment la. Plants determined by the Fire Department to be highly combustible or
otherwise undesirable shall be removed during regular maintenance (see Attachment lb for the
"undesirable" plant list).
• Zone `B" shall be maintained by a Homeowners Association or similar community entity.
• There are no sensitive habitats within Zone `B ", and thinning and /or removal of non - approved
landscape will be permitted throughout the year.
• Fire Department highly combustible (not part of the HRP) plants will be removed during the
regular maintenance.
• Meet all Fire Department Zone `B" maintenance requirements.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 110
5.3 Zone "C"
• Zone "C" is a minimum 50- foot -wide space between Zone "B" and existing or proposed native
habitat. Zone "C" is itself part of the native habitat restoration area proposed by the Newport
Banning Ranch Habitat Restoration Plan (HRP).
• As in Zones "A" and `B ", combustible structures and construction are not permitted within
Zone "C ". Zone "C" will be composed of a mosaic pattern of non - irrigated low grasses,
succulents, cactus, and other low height/fuel volume native plants, as described for the Zone
"C" plant palette in Attachment 1 a. Existing non - native plants and species not approved by the
HRP for this area, including those on the Fire Department's "undesirable" plant list contained
in Attachment lb, will be removed prior to restoration planting.
In the Upland Open Space Area north of the Urban Colony and west of the City of Costa Mesa,
a 100 - foot -wide Zone "C" will be created adjacent to existing neighborhoods, including
California Seabreeze. Unmanaged vegetation currently comes up to the rear yards of the off -
Project homes in this area. Newport Banning Ranch will provide an especially wide Fuel
Management Zone "C" in this area as a component of the Habitat Restoration Plan. The Zone
"C" plant palette for the 30 feet of this Zone "C" closest to the homes will be more limited than
usual to specified grasses, cacti, succulents, and open rock areas as noted in the Zone "C" plant
palette.
It is anticipated that Zone "C" will be maintained by the Newport Banning Ranch
Conservation Group, yet to be determined. Maintenance by a Homeowners Association or
similar community entity may be proposed in certain locations.
• Maintenance within Zone "C" will include removal of non - native /invasive species, removal of
dead plant material, and removal of species inconsistent with the HRP, including those on the
Fire Department's "undesirable" plant list. Maintenance within Zone "C" will not include the
pruning, thinning, or removing of living HRP- approved native vegetation.
5.4 Maintenance Requirements for All Manaeement Zones:
• No highly combustible plant species shall be allowed per City Fire Department's
Requirements/ Guidelines.
• Horizontal and vertical plant spacing specifications are required and shall be shown on the
final Fire Master Plan and maintained.
• Dead and dying material shall be removed regularly in Zones "A" and "B"
• Dead material removed from Zone "C" consistent with City - approved HRP.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 111
6 Calculating Fire Behavior
This report uses a scientific approach to describe a wildland fire hazard assessment and expected
wildland fire behavior within and outside of the fuel management zones. Computer projections simulate
a fire burning within the native vegetative fuels directly outside the boundaries of the management
zones. This report will demonstrate why fuel management zones will help protect structures in the
community.
Firesafe Planning Solutions used a computer software program titled `BehavePlus Fire Modeling
System 3.0.2" to predict the level of wildfire intensity for a fire approaching NBR. BehavePlus is a fire
behavior prediction and fuel - modeling system, and is one of the most accurate methods for predicting
wildland fire behavior. The BehavePlus fire behavior computer modeling system is utilized by wildland
fire experts nationwide. The Fire Behavior and Fuel Modeling System, developed by research scientists
from USDA - Forest Service (Andrews & Bevens, 2003; Burgan & Rothermel, 1984) will be used to
evaluate both wildfire risk as well as the proposed vegetation management recommendations.
The BehavePlus system provides an indication of how vegetative fuels will burn under specific fuel,
weather, and topography conditions. The BehavePlus system is a set of computer programs based upon
energy release from specific fuels during a fire and is employed by wildfire professionals both
nationally and internationally to predict wildfire behavior. Fuel models used in BEHAVE have been
classified into specific groups, based upon fuel loading (tons /acre), fuel height, and surface to volume
ratio. The differences in fire behavior among these models are basically related to fuel and their
distribution among fuel particle size classes. Observation of the location and positioning of fuels in the
field determines which fuel groups are presented. Vegetative fuels are recognized as fuel models within
the BehavePlus program. The fuel models in the computer program are also referenced from the book
titled "Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior." The fuel models were designed
to aid in determining fuel types and are used in calculating and estimating fire behavior.
The fire model describes the fire behavior only within the flaming front of the fire. The primary moving
force in the fire is dead fuel less than 1/4" in diameter. These are the finest fuels that carry the fire. Fuels
larger than ''/4 ' contribute to fire intensity, but not necessarily to fire spread as much as the fine fuels.
The BehavePlus fire model describes a wildfire spreading through surface fuels, which are the burnable
materials within 6' of the ground and contiguous to the ground.
This type of modeling will demonstrate that the FMMP is the best fire defense system for NBR. The
modeling will show that the structures are significantly further away than the most extreme flame
lengths and intensity that would be produced. Instead of estimating with the exact fuel models for
calculating fire behavior, we will input worst case scenario factors and fuel models to ensure a further
safety cushion in the computer fire behavior calculations and results analysis.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a , e 112
BehavePlus Related References:
1. Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior, Hal E. Anderson. General
Technical Report INT -122 April 1982. United States Department of Agriculture —Forest Service,
Intermountain Station, Ogden, Utah 84401.
2. BehavePlus: Fire Behavior Prediction and Fuel Modeling System -BURN Subsystem. General
Technical Report INT -194. Patricia L. Andrews, United States Department ofAgriculture - Forest
Service, Intermountain Station, Ogden, Utah 84401.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 113
7 Wildland Interface Fuel Types
These fuels are considered highly combustible in the native setting and can be analyzed for their fire
performance based on many factors. The type and amount of fuels in the wildland area located
immediately outside of the fuel management zone are generally:
7.1 20 % Native Grasses from 1 -2' in Height
These fuels present the potential for a fast - spreading, wind - driven fire. Fire intensity is low but the rate
of spread is high. With structures setbacks and enhanced construction requirements in place, they do not
present a significant hazard. This type of fire is generally in a localized small area.
7.2 60% Coastal Sage Shrubs 3- 4' in Height
The shrubs present the potential for a fast - spreading, wind -driven fire. Fire intensity and ember
production has the potential to be high at the wildland interface area because the shrubs are covering 2/3
of the land outside of the zone limits. The shrubs will not present a fire hazard to the homes after the
fuel management zone is installed, structures are setback, and construction requirements are in place.
7.3 20% Remaining Vegetation Types
Chaparral -type, tree -form shrubs and trees outside of the zone limits will not be a fire hazard to the
homes because the homes will be far enough away so heat travel will not cause direct flame
impingement or radiant heat ignition of the homes. Ember intrusion will be deflected by the
construction features of the homes.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 114
(Figure 4) This type of vegetation will fit into a BehavePlus fuel model type SCAL 18. The site
vegetation is not as dense as the vegetation described within the model, so fire behavior will be even
lower than predicted.
8 Wind Patterns and Structure Alignment
The result of wild fire intensity is determined by wind speed, wind direction, the age of fuels, and the
amount of moisture in the air. Wind direction determines how dry or moist the relative humidity in the
air is. Fire intensity and rate of fire spread are usually determined by the speed of the winds. We entered
the two most extreme wind patterns and speeds relating to wildfires into the BehavePlus model. All
other lesser wind patterns and wind speeds normally produce less fire intensity based on a fire in
wildland fuels. The two most extreme wind patterns /structure location alignments are:
50 mph northeast Santa Ana wind. (Generally occurring in the late fall, during low fuel
moisture times). A review of RAWS data for the area could not fmd any recorded wind gusts
above this level for the past 10 years; and
• A rare 30 mph dry southwest on- shore, normally prevailing wind. (Generating from over the
ocean, after dry air is pushed out to sea by a Santa Ana condition).
A 50 mph north -east wind scenario would mostly affect homes on the interior arroyo because a fire
affecting the north -west perimeter will be moving laterally or away from the homes located on the
north -west perimeter
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 115
North -West Development Interface Photos
(Figure 5) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict a south -west wind- directed fire coming from the
vegetation within the oil lease that could affect the north -west perimeter of the development. The oil lease has
many roads (future trails), which serve as continuity breaks in the scattered fuels.
(Figure 6) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict a south -west wind - directed fire coming from the
vegetation within the oil lease that could affect the North -West perimeter of the development. The fuels in the oil
lease area are not even as severe as the SCAL 18 model we used in many areas. Fire behavior will be less than the
worst -case scenario we calculated in those areas.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a e 116
(Figure 7) We used BehavePlas to calculate and predict a south -west wind - directed fire coming from the
vegetation within the oil lease that could affect the North -West perimeter of the development. The fuels in the oil
lease area are not as severe as the SCAL 18 model we used. Fire behavior will be less than the worst case scenario
we calculated.
(Figure 8) This is a photo of the most extreme north side of the future development which is directly adjacent to
existing development.
Newport 13�i Mp Page I17
(Figure 9) Photo of the west - facing slope below the future development located on the west side of the
development. A south -west wind- directed fire coming from the vegetation within the oil lease could affect the
North -West perimeter of the development.
Interior Development Arroyo Interface Photos
(Figure 10) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict south -west wind and north -east wind directed fires
coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. Unless the wind happens to change in the
middle of a fire event, the fire will continue to move only one direction of the two directions shown. Homes
located on the perimeter of the interior arroyos shown will have all of the CBC Chapter 7A construction
requirements in place even though they are not required by code in moderate or high fire hazard areas.
rt B.
(Figure 11) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict south -west wind - directed and north -east wind - directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. On the right is a lower arroyo drainage
with Willow species. The fuels on the right are not in the fuel management zones and have a fairly high -fuel
moisture content. On the left is the coastal sage scrub vegetation Fuel Model SCAL 18
(Figure 12) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict south -west wind- directed and north -east wind- directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. In the background is a lower arroyo
drainage with Willow species. The fuels in the forefront are the coastal sage scrub vegetation Fuel Model SCAL
18. The Pampas Grass will be removed and the Encelia would remain and be horizontally spaced not to create a
fuel mass exceeding 40% of the total area.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a g e l 19
(Figure 13) We used BEHAVE to calculate and predict south -west wind- directed and north -east wind- directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. The fuels in the forefront are the coastal
sage scrub vegetation Fuel Model SCAL 18. The Encelia would remain and be horizontally spaced. Areas in
between shrub groups will have low grasses, succulents, cactus, and other low -fuel- volume species.
(Figure 14) We used BEHAVE to calculate and predict south -west wind - directed and north -east wind - directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. The fuels in the forefront are Encelia. In
the distance you can see the upslope vegetation which will be leading up to homes. Homes located on the
perimeter of the interior arroyos shown will have all of the CBC Chapter 7A construction requirements in place
even though they are not required by code in moderate or high fire hazard areas.
9 BehavePlus Fire Behavior Inputs and Results
9.1 Fuel Moistures:
The fuel moistures used in the modeling for the BehavePlus calculation are the worst case scenario.
Relative humidity, temperature, slope aspect, time of day, and month of the year all have an impact on
the determination of the actual percentage of dead fuel moisture. The values listed below are at or
below the lowest recorded levels for the area being analyzed.
Fuel moisture changes over time. In general, the dead fuel moisture will move about 2/3 of the
difference between its current moisture level in the fuel and that of the air around in varying increments
based on the size (amount of surface area to total mass) of the fuel. Fuels are grouped by the time it
takes to move the 2/3 distance. "One hour" fuel is less than Yz inch thick. It is the most volatile of the
fuels. "Ten hour" fuel is between '' /z inch and 1 inch thick. "Hundred hour" fuel is between 1 inch and 3
inches and "Thousand hour" fuel is above 3 inches in thickness. Thousand hour fuels are relatively
stable and are not used in this model
Live fuel moisture is the moisture found in the leaf and woody portion of a shrub. Live fuel moisture is
calculated by cutting a small branch and weighing it, placing it in a low temperature oven for 12 hours,
removing the branch and weighing it again. The difference in weight is the loss of moisture in the leaves
and woody portion of the branch. For this reason, live moisture may exceed 100% of the dry weight of
the plant. Live fuel moisture is the highest in the spring and early summer, and the lowest in late
summer, fall and early winter. Los Angeles County Fire Department samples live fuel moistures from
sites throughout Los Angeles County each month.
Fuel moisture recorded from the sites still apply to Orange County area and serve as an indicator of
moisture content. We are using worst case moistures to indicate the results of worst case wild fire. All
other fires when there are greater fuel moistures within the shrubs, will result in less fire intensity than
we are predicting.
South, Southwest and West Wind Condition Fuel Moisture Inputs: Late fire season 30 -MPH southwest
wind pattern.
• 1 -Hour Fine Fuel Moisture 3%
• 10 -Hour Fuel Moisture 5%
• 100 -Hour Fuel Moisture 7%
• Live Herbaceous Fuel Moisture 30%
• Live Woody Fuel Moisture 60%
North, Northeast and East Wind Condition Fuel Moisture Inputs: Santa Ana Winds
• 1 -Hour Fine Fuel Moisture 2%
• 10 -Hour Fuel Moisture 3%
• 100 -Hour Fuel Moisture 5%
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 121
• Live Herbaceous Fuel Moisture 30%
• Live Woody Fuel Moisture 50%
BehavePlus Fire Behavior Inputs and Results are as follows:
9.2 The North -West Development Perimeter Side / South -West Wind Driven Fire
The North -West side of the development is mostly subject to south -west normal prevailing wind
direction fire weather:
(Figure 15) BehavePlus fuel model type SCAL 18 on the
slope leading up to the future development.
9.2.1. BehavePlus Inputs:
Wind Direction: South -west wind moving to a north -east direction
Wind Speed: 30 mph wind speed, upslope, unsheltered
Slope: 15% degree slope
9.2.2. BehavePlus Outputs:
Fuel Model
SCAL18
Grass 4
Grass Scrub 2
Max Rate of Spread (feet/min)
194
908
266
Fire Line Intensity (Btu/ft/s)
13,141
7,643
2,476
Flame Length (feet)
35.3
27.5
16
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page I22
9.3 Interior Arrovo North -East Wind Driven Fire
(Figure 16) BehavePlus fuel model type SCAL 18 in the interior arroyo leading up to the future development.
Encelia shrubs are present in the foreground.
9.3.1. BehavePlus Inputs:
Wind Direction: North -East wind moving to a south -west direction
Wind Speed: 50 mph wind speed, upslope, unsheltered
Slope: 60% degree slope.
9.3.2. BehavePlus Outputs:
Fuel Model
SCAL18
Grass 4
Grass Scrub 2
Max Rate of Spread (feet/min)
384
1,945
676
Fire Line Intensity (Btu/ft/s)
27,885
18,339
6,924
Flame Length (feet)
49.9
41.1
26.3
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a g e l 23
10 BehavePlus Calculation Results Analysis
The modeling for this Project used the extreme conditions in every case. Winds were modeled at or
above the strongest gusts recorded over the past 10 years. Fuel moistures were estimated at or below
those recorded in existing databases. Slopes were used that created the greatest impact for rate of spread
(this is not always the steepest slope as the slope itself begins to shelter the fuel from the extreme
aspects of the wind when it becomes a barrier).
Three separate fuel models were used to project the maximum fire behavior for this Project. Southern
California Model 18 (Sage/Buckwheat) was used for the interior pristine areas that will be allowed to
continue in their natural state. Both grass (GR4 moderate grass, dry climate) and grass /shrub mix (GS2
moderate load, dry climate) models were used to insure that fire behavior was correctly modeled as the
upland grassland interface matures.
It should be noted that while the GR4 model is more volatile in terms of rate of spread and flame length,
the SCAL18 model has the greatest threat in terms of total volume of fire/heat and impact on the
adjacent structures. Under the existing plan, the SCAL18 fuel will always be separated from the
structures by the grassland mosaic (Zone "C ") and the modified management fuel zones (Zone "A" and
Zone "B "). The fuel management system has been designed so that SCAL18 fuel is no closer than 120
feet from the structures. The maximum flame length in the SCAL18 zone is 49.9 feet. For this reason,
the Zone "C" /habitat area is never less than 50 feet in width and in many cases is two times the
minimum.
The grass /shrub mosaic interface (Zone "C ") will produce a maximum flame length of 41 feet in the
worst case scenario. This would be a wind -driven fire, traveling upslope, in extreme weather (low
humidity and high temperature), unsheltered and with a continuous fuel bed. This zone will double as a
raptor habitat. It will not be thinned or modified for fire management but it will be maintained by "hand
plucking" materials which are not on the approved palette. It will start out as primary grassland mosaic
and may eventually become a grass /shrub mixture. It was modeled in both configurations. The Zone
"C" is not irrigated. The maximum flame length that can be achieved at the Zone `B" /Zone "C"
juncture is 41 feet. For this reason, the Zone `B" minimum width is 50 feet.
Zone `B" is irrigated and will provide the necessary buffer for a defensible space. The heat sink
properties of Zone `B" will result in a 75% flame length reduction in this zone. This is due to the Zone
"B" being cleared, replanted, and permanently irrigated with only plants listed on the approved plans.
Plants are originally installed and maintained conforming to code - required horizontal spacing
arrangements. Due to the fact that the Zone "C" has a low fuel loading in term of duration of flame
front, the actual flames from the Zone "C" will be significantly reduced prior to reaching the Zone "B ".
The duration of the flaming front should not be long enough to remove enough moisture from the Zone
"B" plants to have them ignite. As long at the dead and duff components of the Zone "A" and Zone `B"
maintenance plans have been followed, no fire will move past Zone "B ". Zone "A" is the buffer that
provides for the defensible space. While no direct flame is intended at the Zone "A" juncture with Zone
"B ", an additional area of 20 feet is provided that will allow fire crews to safely position themselves into
that interface between the wildland and the structures for suppression efforts.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 124
The arrangement of the zones is shown in an example below:
Ybtaubyl RMYYs
YYr Yia RwsC m
Mm $ Mm c
aeewrwm a.im onm
NNes dvtordn�
Vi�W N
RnYnlonA Inwl
ww. xadwi
soW�:YnE'M4 !1/M ii.oveurmduv
Structure ignition from wild vegetation fires comes mostly from two sources, firebrands and radiant and
convective heat. Ignition of a structure by convective heat transfer requires direct flame impingement. If
the flame lengths are less than the measured distance to non - managed combustible vegetation from a
structure, there is a probability of structure ignition. This is not the case with this Project. The future
structures will not ignite from the direct effects of fire as they are never within a distance which
provides for a possibility of ignition. Fires in fuels measured directly outside the fuel management
zones do not have sufficient flame lengths to contact the homes.
During strong and dry winds, convective firebrands have the capability of being carried by drafts and
strong winds for long distances. The chance of firebrands igniting a structure will depend on the size of
the firebrand and the type of receptive construction materials on the structure. Firebrands landing on
combustible roofing and decks are common sources for structure ignition. Firebrands can also enter a
structure through broken windows, unscreened vents, decks and chimneys, and any small opening.
The chance of a structure fire caused by firebrands is not a concern for the NBR as all homes will be
constructed with Class A roofing and roofing assemblies and attic venting requirements from Chapter
7A from the 2007 California Building Code (CBC). In addition, all structures adjacent to a fuel
management zone will further be constructed to meet the minimum requirements of Chapter 7A for
exterior wall and eave surface, window and door requirements, appendages and underfloor protection.
Therefore, due to the fact that mostly non - combustible building materials will be used in the
construction of structures, the radiant heat issue needs to be addressed.
Wildland fires could cause ignition to existing developments by radiating heat to a structure. Radiation
exposure depends on the intensity and the duration of the fire. Radiant heat decreases as the distance
between the fire and the structure increases. Single -pane windows are subject to breaking from radiant
heat and provide an opening for embers to enter a structure. Structure windows adjacent to fuel
management zones will be dual pane with one pane tempered in case of an ember hitting a heated
window. Radiant heat has a short lifetime in a concentrated area because the fire passes by structures
that have been constructed to the latest codes and continues to move onward.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 125
Radiant and convective heat transfer energy is not enough to reach the future structures to the point of
ignition because the fuels measured are more than 100 feet away from the homes when you total the
distance of the management zone and the structure setbacks. See the following information regarding a
valid structure assessment model used by the Forest Service and professionals throughout the nation
titled "SIAM ".
Flames and fire intensity are significantly reduced within the fuel management zone. The fuel
management zone also reduces the amount of embers projected into the air because the area is replanted
with plants with greater fire - resistive characteristics and the plants are spaced and thinned.
11 Structure Ignition Assessment Model (SIAM).
A USDA Forest Service research study and report titled "Structure Ignition Assessment Model (SIAM)'
by Jack D. Cohen, Intermountain Fire Science Laboratory, Missoula, Montana, has helped to validate
how much distance is required to keep structures from igniting due to wildland fire radiant heat.
SIAM research further suggests that for reducing structure ignitions from radiant and convective heat
sources, vegetation management (fuel treatment) beyond some relatively short (100 feet) distance from a
structure built of non - combustible materials has little significant benefit for reducing flame generated
ignitions. Vegetation management cannot be practically extensive enough to significantly reduce
airborne firebrand ignitions landing on combustible roofs or other fuel beds on privately controlled land
around a home. In lighter fuels such as grass and short grass, fuel treatment can be reduced to 50 feet
and still protect a structure that is built of non - combustible materials.
Project structures will be set back even further from the intensity of a fire burning outside the limits of
the fuel management zone. Back and side yards incorporate ornamental plants and trees in a turf or
planter type setting. Fire suppression efforts combined with the fuel management zone protection and
the latest building construction practices will ensure the best possible outcome for a safe development.
12 Report Summary
This development is designed and protected by the most recently developed codes. BehavePlus was
used estimate the maximum intensity of fire moving towards this development, and flame lengths and
fire intensity will be ultimately be reduced by the installation and maintenance of the FMMP.
Using a systematic approach, the threats presented by the vegetation that will remain after the
completion of this Project have been mitigated to a point where they do not present a risk to the
structure or occupants of this Project once completed. The use of fuel management, enhanced
construction features, and ongoing maintenance will insure that this community remains protected from
the threat of wildfires as long as the conditions required by this program are in compliance.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 126
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 3
Fuel Management and
Maintenance Program Analysis
Newport Banning Ranch
Newport Beach, California
May 2010
Prepared by:
f iresute
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page I 1
Table of Contents
1
Purpose of Report ................................................................................................
............................... 3
2
Geographic Description .......................................................................................
............................... 3
3
Site Fire Hazard Assessment ...............................................................................
............................... 4
4
Fuel Management ................................................................................................
............................... 8
5
The Fuel Management Program ..........................................................................
............................... 8
6
Calculating Fire Behavior ..................................................................................
............................... 11
7
Wildland Interface Fuel Types ..........................................................................
............................... 13
8
Wind Patterns and Structure Alignment ............................................................
............................... 14
9
BehavePlus Fire Behavior Inputs and Results ...................................................
............................... 20
10
BehavePlus Calculation Results Analysis .........................................................
............................... 23
11
Structure Ignition Assessment Model ( SIAM) ..................................................
............................... 25
12
Report Summary ................................................................................................
............................... 25
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 12
1 Purpose of Report
Firesafe Planning Solutions performed an assessment of how the fuel management and maintenance
program (FMMP) will reduce the intensity of a wildfire approaching The Newport Banning Ranch
residential community. This fire analysis report provides the results of the assessment and shows
support of the fuel management installation and maintenance program. The study takes into
consideration existing vegetative interface fuels, future re- vegetated interface areas, topography, and
weather conditions during a fire. The study includes expected fire behavior burning within off -site and
on -site vegetation. Additionally exterior and interior located perimeter vegetation treatment and
maintenance plan are addressed. The fire intensity from worst case scenario examples has been
calculated and the results of fire behavior calculations were are simulated against the fire protection
design built into the Newport Banning Ranch (NBR) development.
2 Geographic Description
The NBR site is not located within an existing Special Fire Protection Area. Once developed, the site
will be designated as a Special Fire Protection Area as it is within the sphere of the city of Newport
Beach Fire Department's guidelines and City staff has indicated it will require such designation.
The future community will be mostly attached to existing development on the southwest, south, and
east. The NBR planned community is located west of the city of Costa Mesa. The entire east side of
NBR is bordered by existing commercial, light industrial, and residential development. For the sake of
wildland interface, the new tracts will fill -in the area between two existing built -out developments,
similar to bridge connecting the developments together except for the Oxbow Loop (Semeniuk Slough)
located to the west. The northwest side of NBR will have a moderate wildland interface from vegetation
within the existing adjacent oil fields situated 50 -75 feet below the future community. The south side of
the community is bordered by West (Pacific) Coast Highway and small moderate - hazard vegetative
areas near the coastal bluffs along the highway.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 13
(Figure 1) Most of the development perimeter in yellow does not have a wildland interface due to
existing surrounding developments on the south -west, south, and east.
3 Site Fire Hazard Assessment
Most of the future homes will border the Bluff Park edges, which itself will adjoin upland areas of the
Open Space Preserve, including an interior located drainage arroyo that separates the north and south
development areas. This "Large Arroyo" will continue to support a healthy coastal sage scrub plant
community or be restored to coastal sage scrub vegetation or upland grassland. Droughts have had an
impact on existing coastal sage scrub plant communities. The recent rains have caused the shrub type
vegetation on the site to support much greener and denser vegetation presently, and non - native grasses
and weeds are more prevalent too. During droughts, coastal sage scrub plant communities can have a
large percentage of dead material. This is due to the Mediterranean climate where long wet winters
promote lots of new growth and long dry summer seasons can cause parts of the plants to die back. The
shrubs on the interior arroyos are primarily dominated by Encelia Califomica, which grows between 1 -3
feet in height and is on the approved Fire Department plant list. Other types of vegetation in and
adjacent to the interior located drainage arroyos are:
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page l 4
3.1 Oil Lease and Interior Arrovo Vegetation:
TVne Annroximate Height Ft. Approximate Width Ft.
• Baccharis 5 3
• Saltbush 3 8
• Lemonadeberry 7 7
• Toyon 7 7
• Bladder Pod 3 3
• Mulefat 7 3
• Willow 15 12
• Cactus
Other species found on -site that are determined by The City of Newport Beach Fire Department as being
highly combustible are required to be continuously removed from the fuel management zone: Pampas
Grass, Buckwheat, Artemisia, Black Sage, Thistles, Mustard, and Castor Bean.
(Figure 2) Photo of the interior arroyo vegetation. Notice the vegetation on the slopes of the arroyos is
mostly only as tall as the cactus is except for the willows in the drainage.
Id
3.2 62 Street Oxbow Loop Development Perimeter Vegetation: (Not a direct Interface)
Tvpe
• Pine
• Pepper
• Chinese Elm
• Juniper
• Ice Plant / Covers
• Eucalyptus
• Willow
• Palm
• Ornamental shrubs
Annroximate Height Ft.
15
15
15
9
1
20
15
25
8
Approximate Width Ft.
10
12
7
7
20
12
12
10 -20
6
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 15
(Figure 3) These species are located along the banks of the Oxbow Loop and are not a fire hazard to the
proposed structures. The road between the bank vegetation and the slope leading up near the future
development helps as a fire break. The types of vegetation on the slopes on the opposite side of the
Oxbow Loop and road are the same as within the oil lease and interior arroyos.
Specific plant palettes are identified in this document for the various zones within the fuel management
areas. These palettes have been reviewed and approved by the Newport Beach Fire Department and
landscape architects.
In addition to areas currently vegetated with the coastal sage scrub, the Project will establish new
plantings within the Project as a habitat area for raptors. This area will be designed as an upland
grasslands area. It will be maintained with specific plant species and will not be allowed to transition
into a shrub or chaparral plant community. It will be maintained by "hand plucking" any plant materials
not on the approved list on an annual basis to maintain its value as a raptor habitat.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 16
3.3 Upland Native Grassland Mosaic Restoration Areas
Upland Grassland Mosaic Restoration Areas will be established within the center of the Project area and
adjacent to the developed areas. Most of these will be in the intermediate Zone `B" between the
wildland and the irrigated fuel management zones. These areas will be vegetated with a suite of native
bunchgrasses, succulents, cactus, and other low height/fuel volume native plants suitable for raptor
foraging and as gnatcatcher and cactus wren habitat as summarized below.
UPLAND NATIVE GRASSLAND MOSAIC PLANT PALETTE
HABITAT RESTORATION /FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONE "C"
Botanical Name
Common Name
Grasslands
Bothriochloa barbinodis
Beardgrass
Distichlis spicata
Saltgrass
Lasthenia californica
California goldfields
Melica imperfecta
Coast Range Melica
Nassella lepida
Foothill needlegrass
Nassella pulchra Purple needlegrass
Succulent Scrub Mosaic
Non - Combustible /Succulent Species
Cylindropuntia prolifera
Coastal cholla
Opuntia littoralis
Coastal prickly pear
Suaeda taxifolia
Woolly sea -blite
Fire- Resistive Shrub Species
Encelia californica 111
California encelia (i)
Isocoma menziesd (A)
Coastal goldenbush (D
Isomeris arborea (1)
Bladderpod ('1
Lycium californicum
California boxthorn co
(1) This plant species may not he located within 50 feet of homes.
3.4 Vernal Pool Restoration Area
A vernal pool on the Project site southwest of Bluff Road and 17t11 Street will be preserved and enhanced
as part of the HRP. The plant palette for the Vernal Pool Restoration Area (Planning Area 2e) has been
designed as a low- growing suite of appropriate native species that will provide appropriate habitat
consistent with habitat mitigation objectives for the Project.
PLANT PALETTE — VERNAL POOL RESTORATION AREA
Botanic Name
Common Name
Plant Height
Cressa truxillensis
Alkali weed
2 to 6 inches
Distichlis s icata
Salt rass
4 to 8 inches
Frankenia saliva
Alkali heath
4 to 8 inches
Heliotro um curassivicum
Seaside heliotrope
4 to 8 inches
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P ag e l l
Lasthenia calf ornica
California goldfields
4 to 8 inches
Lu inus bicolor
Miniature lupine
4 to 8 inches
Malvella le rosa
Alkali sida ches
2 to 6 in
Planta o erecta
Western plantain
3 to 6 inches
5 er ularia marina
Saltmarsh sands urrey
1 to 4 inches
Both the upland native grassland mosaic and vernal pool areas are depicted on the Fuel Management
Plan graphic attached to this report.
4 Fuel Management
Fuel management is land that is designated for the installation of plant species and land with selectively
removed native vegetation. A fuel management program starts when the local governmental planning
department places development construction conditions requiring a fuel management program. Any new
development occurring within lands containing highly combustible native vegetation needs management
of the vegetation at the urban interface in order to protect structures. High -fuel and volatile native plants
are generally replaced with drought - tolerant, fire- resistant species in order to slow the speed and
intensity of an approaching wildfire.
Fuel management programs vary in complexity and designs. They are dependent upon the type and
spacing of vegetation as well as topography, weather conditions, and the placement of structure within
the development Project. Irrigated fuel management zones help to reduce the impacts of wildfire before
they spread to structures. The reduction of available native fuels , which have been replaced by fire
resistive plant types, will cause a reduction in the intensity of a fire when approaching homes /structures.
Fuel management is as an on -going maintenance program because the program requires zones to be
maintained indefinitely. Installing new plants works great initially and maintenance is easy, but proper
long -term maintenance can be difficult if not done correctly. Experienced techniques can assist in
extending the longest possible life span for the plants. Funds for fuel management maintenance need to
be anticipated in the annual budget of association dues. Proper and consistent maintenance can save on
the total long -term cost of maintenance over long periods of time or the failure of the protection system
with wide spread consequences to the building owners and the city.
5 The Fuel Management Program
The Fuel Management Program designed for the NBR is very similar to fuel management programs
approved in the County of Orange within the last 5 years. The design of NBR is very similar to the
Marblehead coastal development in the City of San Clemente, the Brighwater coastal development in
Huntington Beach, and the Dana Point Headlands Reserve development. The Marblehead development
was approved with fuel management zones less in total width than what is proposed for NBR and
additionally there is a greater -sized coastal sage scrub habitat preserved within these developments.
Marblehead Coastal and Dana Headlands Preserve are similar in proximity to the ocean, topography,
and plant species. All three developments were regulated by the California Coastal Commission which
created the requirement to preserve specific plant species both on- and off -site.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 18
The Fuel Management and Maintenance Program (FMMP) requires regular maintenance activities to be
done routinely on an indefinite basis generally by the future Homeowners Association (HOA). The fuel
management zones will be originally installed and maintained by the master developer until the ongoing
maintenance responsibility is turned over to the ultimate maintenance entity. Where fuel management
areas include road right -of -way, they may be maintained by the City. Where fuel management areas are
FMZ Zone "C ", they will be maintained by the Banning Ranch Conservancy Group (to be determined).
The maintenance requirements are clearly shown on the fuel management plans. The developer will
distribute the approved plans with maintenance requirements directly to the Homeowners Association at
a required maintenance turnover meeting. The program requires The City of Newport Beach Fite
Department to be present at the maintenance turnover.
The following fuel management zones are safe designs based on results the size of the wildland areas,
type of vegetation, and amount of vegetation, the fuel /structure wind alignments, and the BehavePlus
Calculation Results Analysis in this report.
The fuel management Area is a minimum of 120 feet in total width and divided into three (3) zones
5.1 Zone "A"
• Zone "A" is generally a minimum 20- foot -wide flat or level -grade defensible space consisting
of irrigated landscape and/or hardscape. Zone "A" will be located on private lots, within the
Bluff Park, and/or within road rights -of -way.
• Combustible structures are prohibited within Zone "A ". Vegetation shall be consistent with
the permitted plant palette and densities for Zone "A" shown in Attachment 1 a. Plants
determined by the Fire Department to be highly combustible or otherwise undesirable shall be
removed during regular maintenance (see Attachment lb for "undesirable" plant list).
• Depending upon the land use, Zone "A shall be maintained by individual property owners, a
Homeowners Association or similar community entity, or (for public roadways) by the City.
• There are no sensitive habitats within or adjacent to Zone "A ", and thinning and/or removal of
non - approved landscape shall be permitted throughout the year.
5.2 Zone "B"
• Zone "B" is generally a minimum 50- foot -wide space adjacent to Zone "A" and closer to the
native vegetation areas. It consists of trails, hardscape, and/or irrigated low -fuel volume
landscape within the portion of the Bluff Park adjacent to the Open Space Site Planning Areas.
The irrigation system shall be designed to mimic normal /average rainfall and to provide the
necessary moisture to the plants during dry periods or seasons.
• As in Zone A, combustible structures are prohibited within Zone "B ". Vegetation within Zone
"B" shall be consistent with the permitted plant palette and densities for Zone `B" shown in
Attachment 1 a. Plants determined by the Fire Department to be highly combustible or
otherwise undesirable shall be removed during regular maintenance (see Attachment lb for the
"undesirable" plant list).
• Zone "B" shall be maintained by a Homeowners Association or similar community entity.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 19
• There are no sensitive habitats within Zone `B ", and thinning and/or removal of non - approved
landscape will be permitted throughout the year.
• Fire Department highly combustible (not part of the HRP) plants will be removed during the
regular maintenance.
• Meet all Fire Department Zone "B" maintenance requirements.
5.3 Zone "C"
• Zone "C" is a minimum 50- foot -wide space between Zone `B" and existing or proposed native
habitat. Zone "C" is itself part of the native habitat restoration area proposed by the Newport
Banning Ranch Habitat Restoration Plan (HRP).
As in Zones "A" and "B ", combustible structures and construction are not permitted within
Zone "C ". Zone "C" will be composed of a mosaic pattern of non - irrigated low grasses,
succulents, cactus, and other low height/fuel volume native plants, as described for the Zone
"C" plant palette in Attachment la. Existing non - native plants and species not approved by the
HRP for this area, including those on the Fire Department's "undesirable" plant list contained
in Attachment lb, will be removed prior to restoration planting.
In the Upland Open Space Area north of the Urban Colony and west of the City of Costa Mesa,
a 100 - foot -wide Zone "C" will be created adjacent to existing neighborhoods, including
California Seabreeze. Unmanaged vegetation currently comes up to the rear yards of the off -
Project homes in this area. Newport Banning Ranch will provide an especially wide Fuel
Management Zone "C" in this area as a component of the Habitat Restoration Plan. The Zone
"C" plant palette for the 30 feet of this Zone "C" closest to the homes will be more limited than
usual to specified grasses, cacti, succulents, and open rock areas as noted in the Zone "C" plant
palette.
It is anticipated that Zone "C" will be maintained by the Newport Banning Ranch
Conservation Group, yet to be determined. Maintenance by a Homeowners Association or
similar community entity may be proposed in certain locations.
• Maintenance within Zone "C" will include removal of non - native /invasive species, removal of
dead plant material, and removal of species inconsistent with the HRP, including those on the
Fire Department's "undesirable" plant list. Maintenance within Zone "C" will not include the
pruning, thinning, or removing of living HRP- approved native vegetation.
5.4 Maintenance Requirements for All Management Zones:
• No highly combustible plant species shall be allowed per City Fire Department's
Requirements/ Guidelines.
• Horizontal and vertical plant spacing specifications are required and shall be shown on the
final Fire Master Plan and maintained.
• Dead and dying material shall be removed regularly in Zones "A" and "B ".
• Dead material removed from Zone "C" consistent with City- approved HRP.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 110
6 Calculating Fire Behavior
This report uses a scientific approach to describe a wildland fire hazard assessment and expected
wildland fire behavior within and outside of the fuel management zones. Computer projections simulate
a fire burning within the native vegetative fuels directly outside the boundaries of the management
zones. This report will demonstrate why fuel management zones will help protect structures in the
community.
Firesafe Planning Solutions used a computer software program titled `BehavePlus Fire Modeling
System 3.0.2" to predict the level of wildfire intensity for a fire approaching NBR. BehavePlus is a fire
behavior prediction and fuel - modeling system, and is one of the most accurate methods for predicting
wildland fire behavior. The BehavePlus fire behavior computer modeling system is utilized by wildland
fire experts nationwide. The Fire Behavior and Fuel Modeling System, developed by research scientists
from USDA - Forest Service (Andrews & Bevens, 2003; Burgan & Rothermel, 1984) will be used to
evaluate both wildfire risk as well as the proposed vegetation management recommendations.
The BehavePlus system provides an indication of how vegetative fuels will burn under specific fuel,
weather, and topography conditions. The BehavePlus system is a set of computer programs based upon
energy release from specific fuels during a fire and is employed by wildfire professionals both
nationally and internationally to predict wildfire behavior. Fuel models used in BEHAVE have been
classified into specific groups, based upon fuel loading (tons /acre), fuel height, and surface to volume
ratio. The differences in fire behavior among these models are basically related to fuel and their
distribution among fuel particle size classes. Observation of the location and positioning of fuels in the
field determines which fuel groups are presented. Vegetative fuels are recognized as fuel models within
the BehavePlus program. The fuel models in the computer program are also referenced from the book
titled "Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior." The fuel models were designed
to aid in determining fuel types and are used in calculating and estimating fire behavior.
The fire model describes the fire behavior only within the flaming front of the fire. The primary moving
force in the fire is dead fuel less than 1/4" in diameter. These are the finest fuels that carry the fire. Fuels
larger than ''/4 ' contribute to fire intensity, but not necessarily to fire spread as much as the fine fuels.
The BehavePlus fire model describes a wildfire spreading through surface fuels, which are the burnable
materials within 6' of the ground and contiguous to the ground.
This type of modeling will demonstrate that the FMMP is the best fire defense system for NBR. The
modeling will show that the structures are significantly further away than the most extreme flame
lengths and intensity that would be produced. Instead of estimating with the exact fuel models for
calculating fire behavior, we will input worst case scenario factors and fuel models to ensure a further
safety cushion in the computer fire behavior calculations and results analysis.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a, e 1 11
BehavePlus Related References:
1. Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior, Hal E. Anderson. General
Technical Report INT -122 April 1982. United States Department of Agriculture —Forest Service,
Intermountain Station, Ogden, Utah 84401.
2. BehavePlus: Fire Behavior Prediction and Fuel Modeling System -BURN Subsystem. General
Technical Report INT -194. Patricia L. Andrews, United States Department ofAgriculture - Forest
Service, Intermountain Station, Ogden, Utah 84401.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 112
7 Wildland Interface Fuel Types
These fuels are considered highly combustible in the native setting and can be analyzed for their fire
performance based on many factors. The type and amount of fuels in the wildland area located
immediately outside of the fuel management zone are generally:
7.1 20 % Native Grasses from 1 -2' in Height
These fuels present the potential for a fast - spreading, wind - driven fire. Fire intensity is low but the rate
of spread is high. With structures setbacks and enhanced construction requirements in place, they do not
present a significant hazard. This type of fire is generally in a localized small area.
7.2 60% Coastal Sage Shrubs 3- 4' in Height
The shrubs present the potential for a fast - spreading, wind -driven fire. Fire intensity and ember
production has the potential to be high at the wildland interface area because the shrubs are covering 2/3
of the land outside of the zone limits. The shrubs will not present a fire hazard to the homes after the
fuel management zone is installed, structures are setback, and construction requirements are in place.
7.3 20% Remaining Vegetation Types
Chaparral -type, tree -form shrubs and trees outside of the zone limits will not be a fire hazard to the
homes because the homes will be far enough away so heat travel will not cause direct flame
impingement or radiant heat ignition of the homes. Ember intrusion will be deflected by the
construction features of the homes.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 113
(Figure 4) This type of vegetation will fit into a BehavePlus fuel model type SCAL 18. The site
vegetation is not as dense as the vegetation described within the model, so fire behavior will be even
lower than predicted.
8 Wind Patterns and Structure Alignment
The result of wild fire intensity is determined by wind speed, wind direction, the age of fuels, and the
amount of moisture in the air. Wind direction determines how dry or moist the relative humidity in the
air is. Fire intensity and rate of fire spread are usually determined by the speed of the winds. We entered
the two most extreme wind patterns and speeds relating to wildfires into the BehavePlus model. All
other lesser wind patterns and wind speeds normally produce less fire intensity based on a fire in
wildland fuels. The two most extreme wind patterns /structure location alignments are:
50 mph northeast Santa Ana wind. (Generally occurring in the late fall, during low fuel
moisture times). A review of RAWS data for the area could not fmd any recorded wind gusts
above this level for the past 10 years; and
• A rare 30 mph dry southwest on- shore, normally prevailing wind. (Generating from over the
ocean, after dry air is pushed out to sea by a Santa Ana condition).
A 50 mph north -east wind scenario would mostly affect homes on the interior arroyo because a fire
affecting the north -west perimeter will be moving laterally or away from the homes located on the
north -west perimeter
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 114
North -West Development Interface Photos
(Figure 5) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict a south -west wind- directed fire coming from the
vegetation within the oil lease that could affect the north -west perimeter of the development. The oil lease has
many roads (future trails), which serve as continuity breaks in the scattered fuels.
(Figure 6) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict a south -west wind - directed fire coming from the
vegetation within the oil lease that could affect the North -West perimeter of the development. The fuels in the oil
lease area are not even as severe as the SCAL 18 model we used in many areas. Fire behavior will be less than the
worst -case scenario we calculated in those areas.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 115
(Figure 7) We used BehavePlas to calculate and predict a south -west wind - directed fire coming from the
vegetation within the oil lease that could affect the North -West perimeter of the development. The fuels in the oil
lease area are not as severe as the SCAL 18 model we used. Fire behavior will be less than the worst case scenario
we calculated.
(Figure 8) This is a photo of the most extreme north side of the future development which is directly adjacent to
existing development.
Newport 13�i iMP Page I16
(Figure 9) Photo of the west - facing slope below the future development located on the west side of the
development. A south -west wind- directed fire coming from the vegetation within the oil lease could affect the
North -West perimeter of the development.
Interior Development Arroyo Interface Photos
(Figure 10) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict south -west wind and north -east wind directed fires
coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. Unless the wind happens to change in the
middle of a fire event, the fire will continue to move only one direction of the two directions shown. Homes
located on the perimeter of the interior arroyos shown will have all of the CBC Chapter 7A construction
requirements in place even though they are not required by code in moderate or high fire hazard areas.
rt B.
(Figure 11) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict south -west wind - directed and north -east wind - directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. On the right is a lower arroyo drainage
with Willow species. The fuels on the right are not in the fuel management zones and have a fairly high -fuel
moisture content. On the left is the coastal sage scrub vegetation Fuel Model SCAL 18
(Figure 12) We used BehavePlus to calculate and predict south -west wind- directed and north -east wind- directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. In the background is a lower arroyo
drainage with Willow species. The fuels in the forefront are the coastal sage scrub vegetation Fuel Model SCAL
18. The Pampas Grass will be removed and the Encelia would remain and be horizontally spaced not to create a
fuel mass exceeding 40% of the total area.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 118
(Figure 13) We used BEHAVE to calculate and predict south -west wind- directed and north -east wind- directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. The fuels in the forefront are the coastal
sage scrub vegetation Fuel Model SCAL 18. The Encelia would remain and be horizontally spaced. Areas in
between shrub groups will have low grasses, succulents, cactus, and other low -fuel- volume species.
(Figure 14) We used BEHAVE to calculate and predict south -west wind - directed and north -east wind - directed
fires coming from native vegetation within interior open space arroyos. The fuels in the forefront are Encelia. In
the distance you can see the upslope vegetation which will be leading up to homes. Homes located on the
perimeter of the interior arroyos shown will have all of the CBC Chapter 7A construction requirements in place
even though they are not required by code in moderate or high fire hazard areas.
9 BehavePlus Fire Behavior Inputs and Results
9.1 Fuel Moistures:
The fuel moistures used in the modeling for the BehavePlus calculation are the worst case scenario.
Relative humidity, temperature, slope aspect, time of day, and month of the year all have an impact on
the determination of the actual percentage of dead fuel moisture. The values listed below are at or
below the lowest recorded levels for the area being analyzed.
Fuel moisture changes over time. In general, the dead fuel moisture will move about 2/3 of the
difference between its current moisture level in the fuel and that of the air around in varying increments
based on the size (amount of surface area to total mass) of the fuel. Fuels are grouped by the time it
takes to move the 2/3 distance. "One hour" fuel is less than Yz inch thick. It is the most volatile of the
fuels. "Ten hour" fuel is between '' /z inch and 1 inch thick. "Hundred hour" fuel is between 1 inch and 3
inches and "Thousand hour" fuel is above 3 inches in thickness. Thousand hour fuels are relatively
stable and are not used in this model
Live fuel moisture is the moisture found in the leaf and woody portion of a shrub. Live fuel moisture is
calculated by cutting a small branch and weighing it, placing it in a low temperature oven for 12 hours,
removing the branch and weighing it again. The difference in weight is the loss of moisture in the leaves
and woody portion of the branch. For this reason, live moisture may exceed 100% of the dry weight of
the plant. Live fuel moisture is the highest in the spring and early summer, and the lowest in late
summer, fall and early winter. Los Angeles County Fire Department samples live fuel moistures from
sites throughout Los Angeles County each month.
Fuel moisture recorded from the sites still apply to Orange County area and serve as an indicator of
moisture content. We are using worst case moistures to indicate the results of worst case wild fire. All
other fires when there are greater fuel moistures within the shrubs, will result in less fire intensity than
we are predicting.
South, Southwest and West Wind Condition Fuel Moisture Inputs: Late fire season 30 -MPH southwest
wind pattern.
• 1 -Hour Fine Fuel Moisture 3%
• 10 -Hour Fuel Moisture 5%
• 100 -Hour Fuel Moisture 7%
• Live Herbaceous Fuel Moisture 30%
• Live Woody Fuel Moisture 60%
North, Northeast and East Wind Condition Fuel Moisture Inputs: Santa Ana Winds
• 1 -Hour Fine Fuel Moisture 2%
• 10 -Hour Fuel Moisture 3%
• 100 -Hour Fuel Moisture 5%
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 120
• Live Herbaceous Fuel Moisture 30%
• Live Woody Fuel Moisture 50%
BehavePlus Fire Behavior Inputs and Results are as follows:
9.2 The North -West Development Perimeter Side / South -West Wind Driven Fire
The North -West side of the development is mostly subject to south -west normal prevailing wind
direction fire weather:
(Figure 15) BehavePlus fuel model type SCAL 18 on the
slope leading up to the future development.
9.2.1. BehavePlus Inputs:
Wind Direction: South -west wind moving to a north -east direction
Wind Speed: 30 mph wind speed, upslope, unsheltered
Slope: 15% degree slope
9.2.2. BehavePlus Outputs:
Fuel Model
SCAL18
Grass 4
Grass Scrub 2
Max Rate of Spread (feet/min)
194
908
266
Fire Line Intensity (Btu/ft/s)
13,141
7,643
2,476
Flame Length (feet)
35.3
27.5
16
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page I21
9.3 Interior Arrovo North -East Wind Driven Fire
(Figure 16) BehavePlus fuel model type SCAL 18 in the interior arroyo leading up to the future development.
Encelia shrubs are present in the foreground.
9.3.1. BehavePlus Inputs:
Wind Direction: North -East wind moving to a south -west direction
Wind Speed: 50 mph wind speed, upslope, unsheltered
Slope: 60% degree slope.
9.3.2. BehavePlus Outputs:
Fuel Model
SCAL18
Grass 4
Grass Scrub 2
Max Rate of Spread (feet/min)
384
1,945
676
Fire Line Intensity (Btu/ft/s)
27,885
18,339
6,924
Flame Length (feet)
49.9
41.1
26.3
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 122
10 BehavePlus Calculation Results Analysis
The modeling for this Project used the extreme conditions in every case. Winds were modeled at or
above the strongest gusts recorded over the past 10 years. Fuel moistures were estimated at or below
those recorded in existing databases. Slopes were used that created the greatest impact for rate of spread
(this is not always the steepest slope as the slope itself begins to shelter the fuel from the extreme
aspects of the wind when it becomes a barrier).
Three separate fuel models were used to project the maximum fire behavior for this Project. Southern
California Model 18 (Sage/Buckwheat) was used for the interior pristine areas that will be allowed to
continue in their natural state. Both grass (GR4 moderate grass, dry climate) and grass /shrub mix (GS2
moderate load, dry climate) models were used to insure that fire behavior was correctly modeled as the
upland grassland interface matures.
It should be noted that while the GR4 model is more volatile in terms of rate of spread and flame length,
the SCAL18 model has the greatest threat in terms of total volume of fire/heat and impact on the
adjacent structures. Under the existing plan, the SCAL18 fuel will always be separated from the
structures by the grassland mosaic (Zone "C ") and the modified management fuel zones (Zone "A" and
Zone "B "). The fuel management system has been designed so that SCAL18 fuel is no closer than 120
feet from the structures. The maximum flame length in the SCAL18 zone is 49.9 feet. For this reason,
the Zone "C" /habitat area is never less than 50 feet in width and in many cases is two times the
minimum.
The grass /shrub mosaic interface (Zone "C ") will produce a maximum flame length of 41 feet in the
worst case scenario. This would be a wind -driven fire, traveling upslope, in extreme weather (low
humidity and high temperature), unsheltered and with a continuous fuel bed. This zone will double as a
raptor habitat. It will not be thinned or modified for fire management but it will be maintained by "hand
plucking" materials which are not on the approved palette. It will start out as primary grassland mosaic
and may eventually become a grass /shrub mixture. It was modeled in both configurations. The Zone
"C" is not irrigated. The maximum flame length that can be achieved at the Zone `B" /Zone "C"
juncture is 41 feet. For this reason, the Zone `B" minimum width is 50 feet.
Zone `B" is irrigated and will provide the necessary buffer for a defensible space. The heat sink
properties of Zone `B" will result in a 75% flame length reduction in this zone. This is due to the Zone
"B" being cleared, replanted, and permanently irrigated with only plants listed on the approved plans.
Plants are originally installed and maintained conforming to code - required horizontal spacing
arrangements. Due to the fact that the Zone "C" has a low fuel loading in term of duration of flame
front, the actual flames from the Zone "C" will be significantly reduced prior to reaching the Zone "B ".
The duration of the flaming front should not be long enough to remove enough moisture from the Zone
"B" plants to have them ignite. As long at the dead and duff components of the Zone "A" and Zone `B"
maintenance plans have been followed, no fire will move past Zone "B ". Zone "A" is the buffer that
provides for the defensible space. While no direct flame is intended at the Zone "A" juncture with Zone
"B ", an additional area of 20 feet is provided that will allow fire crews to safely position themselves into
that interface between the wildland and the structures for suppression efforts.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P a , e 123
The arrangement of the zones is shown in an example below:
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RnYnlonA Inwl
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Structure ignition from wild vegetation fires comes mostly from two sources, firebrands and radiant and
convective heat. Ignition of a structure by convective heat transfer requires direct flame impingement. If
the flame lengths are less than the measured distance to non - managed combustible vegetation from a
structure, there is a probability of structure ignition. This is not the case with this Project. The future
structures will not ignite from the direct effects of fire as they are never within a distance which
provides for a possibility of ignition. Fires in fuels measured directly outside the fuel management
zones do not have sufficient flame lengths to contact the homes.
During strong and dry winds, convective firebrands have the capability of being carried by drafts and
strong winds for long distances. The chance of firebrands igniting a structure will depend on the size of
the firebrand and the type of receptive construction materials on the structure. Firebrands landing on
combustible roofing and decks are common sources for structure ignition. Firebrands can also enter a
structure through broken windows, unscreened vents, decks and chimneys, and any small opening.
The chance of a structure fire caused by firebrands is not a concern for the NBR as all homes will be
constructed with Class A roofing and roofing assemblies and attic venting requirements from Chapter
7A from the 2007 California Building Code (CBC). In addition, all structures adjacent to a fuel
management zone will further be constructed to meet the minimum requirements of Chapter 7A for
exterior wall and eave surface, window and door requirements, appendages and underfloor protection.
Therefore, due to the fact that mostly non - combustible building materials will be used in the
construction of structures, the radiant heat issue needs to be addressed.
Wildland fires could cause ignition to existing developments by radiating heat to a structure. Radiation
exposure depends on the intensity and the duration of the fire. Radiant heat decreases as the distance
between the fire and the structure increases. Single -pane windows are subject to breaking from radiant
heat and provide an opening for embers to enter a structure. Structure windows adjacent to fuel
management zones will be dual pane with one pane tempered in case of an ember hitting a heated
window. Radiant heat has a short lifetime in a concentrated area because the fire passes by structures
that have been constructed to the latest codes and continues to move onward.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP Page 124
Radiant and convective heat transfer energy is not enough to reach the future structures to the point of
ignition because the fuels measured are more than 100 feet away from the homes when you total the
distance of the management zone and the structure setbacks. See the following information regarding a
valid structure assessment model used by the Forest Service and professionals throughout the nation
titled "SIAM ".
Flames and fire intensity are significantly reduced within the fuel management zone. The fuel
management zone also reduces the amount of embers projected into the air because the area is replanted
with plants with greater fire - resistive characteristics and the plants are spaced and thinned.
11 Structure Ignition Assessment Model (SIAM).
A USDA Forest Service research study and report titled "Structure Ignition Assessment Model (SIAM)'
by Jack D. Cohen, Intermountain Fire Science Laboratory, Missoula, Montana, has helped to validate
how much distance is required to keep structures from igniting due to wildland fire radiant heat.
SIAM research further suggests that for reducing structure ignitions from radiant and convective heat
sources, vegetation management (fuel treatment) beyond some relatively short (100 feet) distance from a
structure built of non - combustible materials has little significant benefit for reducing flame generated
ignitions. Vegetation management cannot be practically extensive enough to significantly reduce
airborne firebrand ignitions landing on combustible roofs or other fuel beds on privately controlled land
around a home. In lighter fuels such as grass and short grass, fuel treatment can be reduced to 50 feet
and still protect a structure that is built of non - combustible materials.
Project structures will be set back even further from the intensity of a fire burning outside the limits of
the fuel management zone. Back and side yards incorporate ornamental plants and trees in a turf or
planter type setting. Fire suppression efforts combined with the fuel management zone protection and
the latest building construction practices will ensure the best possible outcome for a safe development.
12 Report Summary
This development is designed and protected by the most recently developed codes. BehavePlus was
used estimate the maximum intensity of fire moving towards this development, and flame lengths and
fire intensity will be ultimately be reduced by the installation and maintenance of the FMMP.
Using a systematic approach, the threats presented by the vegetation that will remain after the
completion of this Project have been mitigated to a point where they do not present a risk to the
structure or occupants of this Project once completed. The use of fuel management, enhanced
construction features, and ongoing maintenance will insure that this community remains protected from
the threat of wildfires as long as the conditions required by this program are in compliance.
Newport Banning Ranch FMMP P it s e 125
NBR F &LSP
Attachment 4
::PLANNING SOLUTIONS
May 12, 2010
Mr. Steve Bunting
Fire Marshall/Chief Fire Prevention Division
Newport Beach Fire Department
3300 Newport Boulevard
Newport Beach, CA 92658 -8915
SUBJECT: Alternate Means and Methods for Fuel Management
Newport Banning Ranch Planned Community
Newport Beach, CA
On behalf of Newport Banning Ranch LLC, we hereby submit a request for use of Alternate
Means and Methods (AM &M) per the 2007 California Fire Code. Our request relates to our
proposal to provide a total fuel management width of 120 feet, which is less than the standard
170 feet.
The following information is being provided to assist in your evaluation of this proposed
AM &M.
A. Project information:
• Project name: Newport Banning Ranch Planned Community
• Contact person: David Oatis, Firesafe Planning Solutions, (949) 240 -5911
302 N. El Camino Real, Suite 202, San Clemente, CA 92672
• Current landowner: Newport Banning Ranch, LLC
• Development type: Residential, resort, and commercial planned community
B. Code Sections for which the modification is requested:
• 2007 California Fire Code (CFC) Section 317 and local amendments.
C. General Description:
The Newport Banning Ranch Project is an approximately 401 -acre master planned
community in the City of Newport Beach. Consistent with the City's General Plan, the
community will be composed of compact development with up to 1,375 single- family and
multi - family residential dwelling units, a maximum 75 -room resort, and up to 75,000 square
feet of commercial uses. Pursuant to the General Plan, at least 50 percent of the site must be
Mr. Steve Bunting
Page 2
retained in open space. Therefore, significant uses include approximately 231 acres of
upland and lowland open space, and a 20 -acre oil facilities consolidation site that will
ultimately revert to open space. The General Plan also calls for a 20- to 30 -acre community
park. The plan proposes a 28 -acre community park, a 21 -acre bluff park, and approximately
4 acres of interpretive parks.
Newport Banning Ranch property is located north of West (Pacific Coast Highway), south of
19`h Street, and east of the Santa Ana River.
The property has been a producing oil field since the early 1940s. It contains over 470
producing /potentially producing and abandoned oil well sites and related oil facility
infrastructure, including but not limited to pipelines, storage tanks, power poles, machinery,
improved and unimproved roadways, buildings, and oil processing facilities.
Today, and in addition to oil, the majority of the property contains non - native vegetation and
invasive species. However, there is intact native vegetation on the Project site. Slopes along
the southern and southwestern site boundary support maritime succulent scrub and disturbed
coastal bluff scrub. The property supports several special status plants and protected wildlife
species. The federally- listed threatened coastal California gnatcatcher and the coastal cactus
wren (a California Department of Fish and Game [CDFG] Species of Special Concern) are
present on the Project site.
The Project site is generally bound on the north by Talbert Nature Preserve/Regional Park in
the City of Costa Mesa and residential development in the City of Newport Beach; on the
south by West Coast Highway and residential development in the City of Newport Beach; on
the east by residential, light industrial, and office development in the Cities of Costa Mesa
and Newport Beach; and on the west by the USACE wetlands restoration area and the Santa
Ana River. The City of Huntington Beach is west of the Santa Ana River. At its nearest
point, the Project site is less than 0.25 mile inland from the Pacific Ocean.
There is currently no public access to the Project site.
D. Hardship:
Our hardship is: The inability to achieve a standard 170 feet of Fuel Modification width
because of the simultaneous need to preserve open space and protect native habitat areas,
consistent with the City's General Plan and California Coastal Commission policies.
E. Proposed alternative fire protection measures:
The Project proposes a minimum 120 - foot -wide Fuel Management area that would be
comprised of a minimum 20- foot -wide Zone A, a minimum 50- foot -wide Zone B, and a
minimum 50- foot -wide Zone C. In many areas of the Project, Zone A is considerably wider
than the minimum 20 feet, and the total width is considerably wider than the minimum120-
foot -wide width, as shown on the Fuel Management Plan and cross - sections submitted with
this letter.
Mr. Steve Bunting
Page 3
Alternative fire protection measures are proposed as follows:
a. Enhanced Construction Zone — All structures on lots within 100' of the interior Fuel
Management edge (i.e., FMZ "A ") shall receive enhanced construction on all four (4)
sides per 2007 California Building Code Chapter 7A and the 2007 California Fire Code
Chapter 47 as locally amended by the City of Newport Beach. (CBC Chapter 7A and
CFC Chapter 47 are provided as Attachments 2a and 2b, respectively, to this Fire and
Life Safety Program.)
b. Ember Intrusion Zone — Structures outside the Enhanced Construction Zone as defined
above will be treated as being within an Ember Intrusion Zone. These structures, which
comprise all structures in the community exclusive of the Enhance Construction Zone
structures, are subject to new CBC Chapter 7A requirements to mitigate ember intrusion,
including:
1) 704A.1.2 ......... Roof Coverings
2) 704A.1.3 ......... Roof Valley Coverings
3) 704A.1.5 ......... Roof Gutters
4) 704A.2 ............ Attic Vents
5) 704A.2.2 ......... Eave and Cornice Vents
6) 704A.3.2.1 ...... Exterior Wall Vents
7) 704A.4.1.1 ...... Decking Surfaces
8) 704A.4.2.1 ...... Underside of Appendages and Floor Protection
9) 704A.4.2.2 ...... Unenclosed Underfloor Protection
c. Sprinkler Systems — All single - family and multi - family homes shall be constructed with
an approved modified NFPA 13 Automatic Fire Sprinkler System installed by a licensed
fire sprinkler contractor. All commercial use buildings shall be constructed with an
approved full NFPA 13 Automatic Fire Sprinkler System installed by a licensed fire
sprinkler contractor. Separate plans shall be submitted to the Fire Department for
approval prior to installation.
Thank you in advance for your consideration of this proposed AM &M request. Please feel free
to call me with any questions or requests for additional information.
Sincerely,
David Oatis, President
Firesafe Planning Solutions for Newport Banning Ranch LLC