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HomeMy WebLinkAbout01 - 09_RTC Part 91111491 AOL As a consequence of its function, the stormwater conveyance system collects and transports urban runoff and storm water that may contain certain pollutants. Consequently these pollutants may accumulate in the system and must be removed periodically. In addition, the systems must also be maintained to function properly hydraulically to avoid flooding. Maintaining the system may involve the following activities: 1. Inspection and Cleaning of Stormwater Conveyance Structures 2. Controlling Illicit Connections and Discharges 3. Controlling Illegal Dumping This list of Model Maintenance Procedures can be utilized as an inspection checklist to determine where better compliance with Designated Minimum Best Management Practices (notated with checkmarks and capital letters) is needed, and to recommend Additional Best Management Practices (notated with bullet points and lower case letters) that may be applicable under certain circumstances, especially where there are certain Pollutant Constituents of Concern. BMPs applicable to certain constituents are notated as: Bacteria (BACT) Sediment (SED) Nutrients (NUT) Oil and Grease (0 &G) Pesticides (PEST) OtherToxic Compounds (TOX) Trash (TRASH) Hydrological Impacts (HYD) Any /AII or General (ANY) Program /Facility Being Inspected: Date: Inspector Name: When completed, the checklist should be attached to the General Inspection Form Cover Sheet and copies should be provided to the Supervisor of the Facility /Program being inspected. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES: Inspection and Cleaning of Drainage Facilities OK ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ T 1A. Annually inspect and clean drainage structures as needed. T 1 B. Maintain appropriate records of cleaning and inspections. T 1C. Properly dispose of removed materials at a landfill or recycling facility. T 1D. Conduct intermittent supplemental visual inspections during the wet season to determine if there are problem inlets where sediment/trash or other pollutants accumulate, and provide for additional cleanouts as appropriate. T 1E. Prevent or clean up any discharges that may occur during the course of maintenance and cleaning procedures. T IF. Verify that appropriate employees or subcontractors are trained in proper conductance of maintenance activities, including record keeping and disposal. T 1G. Annually inspect and clean v- ditches as needed, prior to the wet season. On shrub - covered slopes, vegetative debris may be placed on the downhill side of the ditch. Trash should be bagged and disposed at a landfill County of Orange 02/13/03 Page 1 of 4 ®F -1 Unsatisfactory ppt ❑ ❑ General Guidelines (cont.) o 1a. Remove trash or debris as needed from open channels. It should be noted that major vegetative debris removal may require other regulatory permits prior to completing the work. (TRASH) 0 1 b. Consider retrofitting energy dissipaters (e.g. riprap) below culvert outfalls to minimize potential for erosion. (SED) 0 1c. Repair any v- ditches that have cracked or displaced in a manner that accelerates erosion. (SED) • 1d. If suspicious conditions appear to exist, test selected samples of the removed wastes for compliance with hazardous waste regulations prior to disposal. (TOX) • 1e. Consider more frequent regular cleaning of selected drainage structures to help address ongoing specific impairments. (SED, BACT, NUT, TRASH) • 1f. Consider structural retrofits to the MS4 to help address ongoing specific impairments (SED, BACT, NUT, TRASH, O &G) • 1g. Consider cleaning out pipes at gradient breaks or other in -pipe debris accumulation points as identified /needed. (ANY, BACT, NUT, TRASH) Storm Drain Flushing 0 1 h. Flushing of storm drains or storm drain inlets should only be done when critically necessary and no other solution is practical. (SED, BACT, TRASH). 0 1 i. If flushed, to the extent practical the material should be collected (vacuumed), treated with an appropriate filtering device to remove sand and debris and disposed of properly. (SED) Waste Management T 1 H. Store wastes collected from cleaning activities of the drainage facilities in appropriate containers or temporary storage sites in a manner that prevents discharge to the storm drain. 0 1j. Dewater the wastes if necessary with outflow into the sanitary sewer if permitted. Water should be treated with an appropriate filtering device to remove the sand and debris prior to discharge to the sanitary sewer. If discharge to the sanitary sewer is not permitted, water should be pumped or vacuumed to a tank and properly disposed of. Do not dewater near a storm drain or stream. (SED, TRASH) 0 1k. Provide for laboratory analysis of at least one randomly collected sediment (less the debris) sample per year from the storm drain inlet leaning program to ensure that it does not meet the EPA criteria for hazardous waste. If the sample is determined to be hazardous, the sediment must be disposed of as hazardous waste and the source should be investigated. (TOX). ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Q ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ County of Orange 02/13103 Page 2 of 4 ®F-1 2. Controlling Illicit Connections and Discharges ❑ ❑ T 2A. Report prohibited discharges such as dumping, paint spills, abandoned oil containers, etc. observed during the course of normal daily activities so they can be investigated, contained, and cleaned up. T 2B. Where field observations and /or monitoring data indicate significant problems, conduct field investigations to detect and eliminate existing illicit connections and improper disposal of pollutants into the storm drain (i.e. identify problem areas where discharges or illegal connections may occur and follow up stream to determine the source(s)). (Refer to Appendices A -10 and M 1.) T 2C. Report all observed illicit connections and discharges to the 24 -hour water pollution problem reporting hotline (714) 567 -6363. T 2D. Encourage public reporting of improper waste disposal by distributing public education materials and advertising the 24-hour water pollution problem reporting hotline. Storm Drain Stenciling ( "No Dumping— Drains to Ocean ") T 2E. Implement and maintain a storm drain stenciling program. = 2a. Consider adding the hotline number to the storm drain stencils (BACT, TOX, TRASH). ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ 3. Controlling Illegal Dumping ❑ ❑ Field Investigation T 3A. Report prohibited discharges such as dumpings observed during the course of normal daily activities so they can be investigated, contained and cleaned up. T 3B. Conduct field investigations to detect and eliminate improper disposal of pollutants into the storm drain (i.e. identify problem areas where discharges or illegal connections may occur and follow up stream to determine the source(s)). T 3C. Report all observed illegal dumping to the 24 -hour water pollution problem reporting hotline (714) 567 -6363. T 3D. Encourage public reporting of improper waste disposal by distributing public education materials and advertising the 24 -hour water pollution problem reporting hotline. T 3E. If perpetrator can be identified, take appropriate enforcement action. a 3a. Consider posting "No Dumping" signs in problem areas with a phone number for reporting dumping and disposal. Signs could also indicate fines and penalties for illegal dumping. (ANY) ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ County of Orange 02/13/03 Page 3 of 4 Unsatisfactory OKI T ❑ ❑ LIMITATIONS: ®E -1 3F. Verify that appropriate employees and subcontractors are trained to recognize and report illegal dumping. 3G. Encourage public reporting of illegal dumping by advertising the 24 -hour water pollution problem reporting hotline (714) 567 -6363. 3b. Take extra steps to educate the public in neighborhoods where illegal dumping has occurred to inform them why illegal dumping is a problem, and that illegal dumping carries a significant financial penalty. (ANY) Clean -up activities may create a slight disturbance for local aquatic species. Access to items and material on private property may be limited. Trade -offs may exist between channel hydraulics and water quality /riparian habitat. If storm channels or basins are recognized as wetlands, many activities, including maintenance, may be subject to regulation and permitting. County of Orange 02/13/03 Page 4 of 4 -----7 R -1 AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE Automobile repair and maintenance activities have the potential to contribute directly to storm drain systems primarily through spills or the dumping of waste fluids being conveyed to the storm drain. Automotive fluids, such as oils, greases, and solvents, are hydrocarbon based, and may contain metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and other toxic compounds. Removal of caked dirt and grime from an automobile increases the sediment load to the storm drain system. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. Think before conducting automobile repair and maintenance activities. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutrients Bacteria Foaming A ents Metals x Hydrocarbons x Hazardous Materials x Pesticides and Herbicides Other Required Activities • Recycle used oil and antifreeze by taking them to service stations and other recycling centers. Never pour oil in storm drains or other areas. • Do not perform repair and maintenance activities during rain events. RECYCLE • Immediately clean up and contain any spills. Dispose of all waste and adsorbent U s E D 0 t L materials properly. • Store hazardous materials and wastes (including, but not limited to, fluids, solvents, parts containing fluids, batteries) indoors, under cover, or in watertight containers. • Perform automobile maintenance and repairs over impervious surfaces such as concrete, so spills and waste material should be readily cleaned up. Use drip pans, plastic sheeting, etc. to contain spills and waste material. • Dispose of cleaning solvents at the designated hazardous waste center. Recommended Activities • Conduct auto repair activities at a commercial repair facility • Perform automobile repair and maintenance activities under a covered area. • Do not buy fluids containing target pollutants (e.g. degreasers containing PERC). • Monitor parked or stored vehicles and equipment for leaks and place pans under leaks to collect fluids for proper disposal or recycling. For additional Information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955 -0600 Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwatersheds.com NA% Automobile waslung activities have the potential to contribute pollutants because road dust washed from vehicles may contain metals and hydrocarbons. Any leaking fluids washed from the automobile may be carried to the storm drain by the wash water. Detergents used for automobile washing may also contain phosphorus and foaming agents, which contribute to the eutrophication of receiving waterbodies. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. The activities outlined in this fad sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutrients X Bacteria Foamin,Q Agents X Metals X Hydrocarbons X Hazardous Materials x Pesticides and Herbicides Other Think before conducting automobile washing activities. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities • Shake floor mats into trashcan or vacuum to clean. Do not shake over ground. • If using cleaners (such as acid based wheel cleaners) use a rag to wipe them on and off, do not rinse them off with water. If possible, divert runoff from automobile washing to a grassy surface large enough to contain and allow complete infiltration • Dispose of excess wash water into the sanitary sewer (i.e. via sink, or toilet) or onto a landscaped area that will allow for complete infiltration. • Conduct engine degreasing at a commercial facility that is setup to handle that type of waste. Recommended Activities • When possible, use commercial wash facili ties • Wash velcles over pervious surfaces such as lawns and gravel areas • Choose soaps, cleaners, or detergents labeled "non - toxic ", "phosphate free ", or "biodegradable ". Vegetable and citrus- based products are typically safest for the environment. • Turn off water when not actively washing down automobile. • If available, use established neighborhood wash areas, where runoff is properly controlled and managed. For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955- 0600124hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwatersheds.com R -3 AUTOMOBILE PARKING Parked automobiles may contribute pollutants to the storm drain because poorly maintained vehicles may leak fluids containing hydrocarbons, metals, and other pollutants. In addition, heavily soiled automobiles may drop clods of dirt onto the parking surface, contributing to the sediment load when runoff is present During rain events, or wash -down activities, the pollutants may be carried into the storm drain system. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutrients Bacteria Foaming Agents Metals X Hydrocarbons X Hazardous Materials z Pesticides and Herbicides Other Think before parking your car. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities • If required, vehicles have to be removed from the street during designated street sweeping /cleaning times. • If the automobile is leaking, place a pan or similar collection device under the automobile, until such time as the leak may be repaired. • Use dry cleaning methods to remove any materials deposited by vehicles (e.g. adsorbents for fluid leaks, sweeping for soil clod deposits). Recommended Activities • Park automobiles over permeable surfaces (e.g. gravel, or porous cement). • Limit vehicle parking to covered areas. • Perform routine maintenance to minimize fluid leaks, and maximize fuel efficiency. For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955 - 0600 / 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website al: www.ocwatersheds.com HOME CARE R -4 LIN 0 V1 04 *1 Many hazardous materials may be used in and around residences during routine maintenance activities (such as: oils, paints, cleaners, bleaches, pesticides, glues, solvents, and other products). Improper or excessive use of these products can increase the potential for pollutants to be transported to the storm drain by runoff. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. Think before conducting home care activities. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutrients Bacteria x Foaming Agents x Metals x Hydrocarbons x Hazardous Materials x Pesticides and Herbicides Other IF • Clean out painting equipment in an area where the waste can be contained and properly disposed of (latex - sewer, oil based - household hazardous waste center). • Rinse off cement mixers and cement laden tools in a contained washout area. Dispose of dried concrete waste in household trash. • If safe, contain, clean up, and properly dispose all household hazardous waste spills. If an unsafe condition exists, call 911 to activate the proper response learn. • Household hazardous materials must be stored indoors or under cover, and in closed and labeled containers. Dispose of them at a household hazardous waste center. • Household wash waters (e.g. washer machine effluent, mop water, etc.) must be disposed of in the sanitary sewer. • Pool and spa water may be discharged to the storm drain if residual chlorine is less than 0.1 mg /L, the pH is between 6.5 and 8.5, and the water is free from any unusual coloration. (Call 714 -834 -6107 to obtain information on a pool drain permit). Pool filter media must be contained and disposed of properly. Recommended Activities Only purchase the types and amounts of materials needed. Share unused portions of products with neighbors or community programs (latex paint) For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955.0600/ 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwalersheds.com GARDEN CARE Garden activities may contribute pollutants via soil erosion, green waste, fertilizer and pesticide use. Plant and garden care activities such as landscape maintenance, fertilization, and pesticide application have the potential to discharge significant quantities of pollutants to the storm drain system. Nonvegetated surfaces may allow for significant erosion leading to high sediment loads. Other pollutants such as pesticides may adsorb onto the soil particles and be transported off site. Excess fertilizer and pesticide pollutants from over application may be carried to the storm drain by dissolving in irrigation runoff or rainwater. Green wastes may also contain organic matter and may have adsorbed fertilizers and pesticides. The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutdents x Bacteria x Foaming Agents Metals Hydrocarbons Hazardous Materials Pesticides and Herbicides x Other x Excessive irrigation is often the most significant factor in home and garden care activities. Pollutants may dissolve in irrigation water and then be transported to the storm drain, or particles and materials coated with fertilizers and pesticides may be suspended in the irrigation flow and carried to the storm drain. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. Think before conducting garden care activities. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities • Irrigation systems must be properly adjusted to reflect seasonal water needs. • Minimize the use of pesticides and fertilizers. Read the labels and follow directions to avoid improper use. Do not apply chemicals if it is windy or about to rain. • Properly clean up and dispose of spills of gardening chemicals, fertilizes, or soils. If possible, return the spilled material to the container for future use. • Lawn and garden care products must be stored in closed labeled containers, in covered areas, or off - ground and under protective tarps. • Household hazardous waste must be properly disposed at a household hazardous waste center. • Cover nonvegetated surfaces to prevent erosion. Recommended Activities • Utilize xeroscaping and use of drought and insect resistant landscaping. • Cultivate garden often to control weeds e Use integrated pest management (IPM). Planting pest repelling plants (e.g. Marigolds) or using pest eating insects (e.g. ladybugs) may reduce the need for pesticides. • Do not leave food (human or pet) outside overnight • Remove fruit and garden waste For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955-0600/ 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwatersheds.com Pet wastes left in the environment may introduce solids, bacteria, and nutrients to the storm drain. The type and quantity of waste will dictate the proper disposal method. Small quantities of waste are best disposed with regular trash or flushed down a toilet. Large quantities of wastes from herbivore animals may be composted for subsequent use or disposal to landfill. Pickup after your pet' It's as easy as 1 -2 -3. 1) Bring a bag. 2) Clean it up. 3) Dispose of it properly (toilet or trash). The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutrients x Bacteria x Foaming Agents Metals Hydrocarbons Hazardous Materials Pesticides and Herbicides Other Think before you dispose of any pet wastes. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities All pet wastes must be picked up and properly disposed of. Pet waste should be disposed of in the regular trash, flushed down a toilet, or composted as type and quantities dictate. C Properly dispose of unused flea control products (shampoo, sprays, or collars). Manure produced by livestock in uncovered areas should be removed at least daily for composting, or storage in water -tight container prior to disposal. Never hose down to stream or storm drain. Composting or storage areas should be configured and maintained so as not to allow contact with runoff. Compost may be donated to greenhouses, nurseries, and botanical parks. Topsoil companies and composting centers may also accept composted manure. a Line waste pits or trenches with an impermeable layer, such as duck plastic sheeting. When possible, allow wash water to infiltrate into the ground, or collect in an area that is routed to the sanitary sewer. 9 Confine livestock in fenced in areas except during exercise and grazing times. Restrict animal access to creeks and streams, preferably by fencing. For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955 - 0600 / 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwatersheds.com • Install gutters that will divert roof runoff away from livestock areas. Recommended Activities • In order to properly dispose of pet waste, carry bags, pooper - scooper, or equivalent to safely pick up pet wastes while walking with pets. • Bathe pets indoors and use less toxic shampoos. When possible, have pets professionally groomed. • Properly inoculate your pet in order to maintain their health and reduce the possibility of pathogens in pet wastes. • Maintain healthy and vigorous pastures with at least three inches of leafy material. • Consider indoor feeding of livestock during heavy rainfall, to minimize manure exposed to potential runoff. • Locate barns, corrals, and other high use areas on portions of property that either drain away from or are located distant form nearby creeks or storm drains. For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955 - 0600 / 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our wehsite at: www.ocwatersheds.com R -6 DISPOSAL OF GREEN WASTES Green wastes entering the storm drain may clog the system creating flooding problems. Green wastes washed into receiving waters create an oxygen demand as they are decomposed, reducing the available oxygen for aquatic life. Pesticide and nutrient residues may be carried to the receiving water with the green wastes. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment x Nutrients x Bacteria x Foaming Agents Metals Hydrocarbons Hazardous Materials x Pesticides and Herbicides x Other Think before disposing of any green wastes - Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities • Green wastes can not be disposed of in the street, gutter, public right -of -way, storm drain, or receiving water. Dispose of green wastes as a part of the household trash. If the quantities are too large, arrange a pick up with the local waste hauler. • After conducting yard or garden activities sweep the area and properly dispose of the clippings and waste. Do not sweep or blow out into the street or gutter. Recommended Activities • Utilize a commercial landscape company to conduct the landscape activities and waste disposal. • Utilize native plants and drought tolerant species to reduce the water use and green waste produced. • Use a lawn mower that has a mulcher so that the grass clippings remain on the lawn and do not have to be collected and disposed of • Compost materials in a designated area within the yard. • Recycle lawn clippings and greenery waste through local programs if available. For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955.0600124hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1. 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwatersheds.com R -7 HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE Jou - Household hazardous wastes (HHW) are defined as waste materials which are typically found in homes or similar sources, which exhibit characteristics such as: corrosivity, ignitability, reactivity, and /or toxicity, or are listed as hazardous materials by EPA. List of most common HHW products: Drain openers Oven cleaners Wood and metal cleaners and polishes Automotive oil and fuel additives Grease and rust solvents Carburetor and fuel injection cleaners Starter fluids Batteries Paint Thinners Paint strippers and removers Adhesives Herbicides Pesticides Fungicidestwood preservatives Required Activities Many types of waste can be recycled, however options for each waste type are limited. Recycling is always preferable to disposal of unwanted materials. All The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following pollutants: Sediment Nutrients Bacteria Foaming Agents x Metals x H drocarbons x Hazardous Materials x Pesticides and Herbicides x Other x gasoline, antifreeze, waste oil, and lead -acid batteries can be recycled. Latex and oil -based paint can be reused, as well as recycled. Materials that cannot be reused or recycled should be disposed of at a properly permitted landfill. 6 Think before disposing of any household hazardous RECYCLE waste. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. U 5 E D O t L Dispose of HHW at a local collection facility. Call (714) 834 -6752 for the household hazardous waste center closest to your area. Household hazardous materials must be stored indoors or under cover, and in closed and labeled containers. • If safe, contain, clean up, and properly dispose all household hazardous waste spills. If an unsafe condition exists, call 911 to activate the proper response team. Recommended Activities Use non - hazardous or less - hazardous products. Participate in HHW reuse and recycling. Call (714) 834 -6752 for the participating household hazardous waste centers. The California Integrated Waste Management Board has a RecycBng Hothne (809) 553 -2962, that provides intormation and recycling locations for used al. For additional information contact: County of Orange, OC Watershed Main: (714) 955 -0600/ 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www,ocwatersheds.com R -8 WATER CONSERVATION Excessive irrigation and /or the overuse of water is often the most significant factor in transporting pollutants to the storm drain system. Pollutants from a wide variety of sources including automobile repair and maintenance, automobile washing, automobile parking, home and garden care activities and pet care may dissolve in the water and be transported to the storm drain. In addition, particles and materials coated with fertilizers and pesticides may be suspended in the flow and be transported to the storm drain. Hosing off outside areas to wash them down not only consumes large quantities of water, but also transports any pollutants, sediments, and waste to the storm drain system. The pollution prevention activities outlined in this fact sheets are used to prevent the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system. The activities outlined in this fact sheet target the following ollutants: Sediment x Nutrients x Bacteria x Foaming Agents x Metals x Hydrocarbons x Hazardous Materials x Pesticides and Herbicides x Other x Think before using water. Remember - The ocean starts at your front door. Required Activities • Irrigation systems must be properly adjusted to reflect seasonal water needs. • Do not hose off outside surfaces to clean, sweep with a broom instead. Recommended Activities • Fix any leaking faucets and eliminate unnecessary water sources. • Use xeroscaping and drought tolerant landscaping to reduce the watering needs. • Do not over watering lawns or gardens. Over watering wastes water and promotes diseases. • Use a bucket to re -soak sponges/ rags while washing automobiles and other items outdoors. Use hose only for rinsing. • Wash automobiles at a commercial car wash employing water recycling. For additional information contact: County of Orange. OC Watershed Main: (714) 955 -0600/ 24hr Water Pollution Discharge Hotline 1- 877 -89 -SPILL or visit our website at: www.ocwatersheds.com Site Design & Landscape Planning SD -10 Design Objectives 0 Maximize Infiltration 0 Provide Retention 0 Slow Runoff Minimize Impervious Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Description Each project site possesses unique topographic, hydrologic, and vegetative features, some of which are more suitable for development than others. Integrating and incorporating appropriate landscape planning methodologies into the project design is the most effective action that can be done to minimize surface and groundwater contamination from stormwater. Approach Landscape planning should couple consideration of land suitability for urban uses with consideration of community goals and projected growth. Project plan designs should conserve natural areas to the extent possible, maximize natural water storage and infiltration opportunities, and protect slopes and channels. Suitable Applications Appropriate applications include residential, commercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. Design Considerations Design requirements for site design and landscapes planning should conform to applicable standards and specifications of agencies with jurisdiction and be consistent with applicable General Plan and Local Area Plan policies. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook I of 4 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD -10 Site Design & Landscape Planning Designing New Installations Begin the development of a plan for the landscape unit with attention to the following general principles: ■ Formulate the plan on the basis of clearly articulated community goals. Carefully identify conflicts and choices bet%veen retaining and protecting desired resources and community growth. ■ Map and assess land suitability for urban uses. Include the following landscape features in the assessment: wooded land, open mnvooded land, steep slopes, erosion -prone soils, foundation suitability, soil suitability for waste disposal, aquifers, aquifer recharge areas, wetlands, floodplains, surface waters, agricultural lands, and various categories of urban land use. When appropriate, the assessment can highlight outstanding local or regional resources that the community determines should be protected (e.g., a scenic area, recreational area, threatened species habitat, farmland, fish run). Mapping and assessment should recognize not only these resources but also additional areas needed for their sustenance. Project plan designs should conserve natural areas to the extent possible, maximize natural water storage and infiltration opportunities, and protect slopes and channels. Conserve Natural Areas during Landscape Planning If applicable, the following items are required and must be implemented in the site layout during the subdivision design and approval process, consistent with applicable General Plan and Local Area Plan policies: ■ Cluster development on least- sensitive portions of a site while leaving the remaining land in a natural undisturbed condition. ■ Limit cleating and grading of native vegetation at a site to the minimum amount needed to build lots, allow access, and provide fire protection. ■ Maximize trees and other vegetation at each site by planting additional vegetation, clustering tree areas, and promoting the use of native and /or drought tolerant plants. ■ Promote natural vegetation by using parldng lot islands and other landscaped areas. ■ Preserve riparian areas and wetlands. Maximize Natural Water Storage and Infritration Opportunities Within the Landscape Unit ■ Promote the conservation of forest cover. Building on lard that is already deforested affects basin hydrology to a lesser extent than converting forested land. Loss of forest cover reduces interception storage, detention in the organic forest floor layer, and water losses by evapotranspiration, resulting in large peak runoff increases and either their negative effects or the expense of countering them with structural solutions. ■ Maintain natural storage reservoirs and drainage corridors, including depressions, areas of permeable soils, swales, and internnittent streams. Develop and implement policies and 2 of 4 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Site Design & Landscape Planning SD -10 regulations to discourage the clearing, filling, and channelization of these features. Utilize them in drainage networks in preference to pipes, culverts, and engineered ditches. Evaluating infiltration opportunities by referring to the stormwater management manual for the jurisdiction andpay particular attention to the selection criteria for avoiding groundwater contamination, poor soils, and hydrogeological conditions that cause these facilities to fail. If necessary, locate developments with large amounts of impervious surfaces or a potential to produce relatively contaminated runoff away from groundwater recharge areas. Protection of Slopes and Channels during Landscape Design • Convey runoff safely from the tops of slopes. • Avoid disturbing steep or unstable slopes. • Avoid disturbing natural channels. • Stabilize disturbed slopes as quickly as possible. • Vegetate slopes with native or drought tolerant vegetation. • Control and treat flows in landscaping and /or other controls prior to reaching existing natural drainage systems. • Stabilize temporary and permanent channel crossings as quicldy as possible, and ensure that increases in ran -off velocity and frequency caused by the project do not erode the channel. • Install energy dissipaters, such as riprap, at the outlets of new storm drains, culverts, conduits, or channels that enter unlined channels in accordance with applicable specifications to minimize erosion. Energy dissipaters shall be installed in such a way as to minimize impacts to receiving waters. ■ Line on -site conveyance channels where appropriate, to reduce erosion caused by increased flow velocity due to increases in tributary impervious area. The first choice for linings should be grass or some other vegetative surface, since these materials not only reduce runoff velocities, but also provide water quality benefits from filtration and infiltration. If velocities in the channel are high enough to erode grass or other vegetative linings, riprap, concrete, soil cement, or geo -grid stabilization are other alternatives. is Consider other design principles that are comparable and equally effective. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stormnvater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and /or exterior construction, and land disturbing activities with structural or impervious surfaces. The definition of " redevelopment" must be consulted to determine whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment_ If the definition applies, the steps outlined under "designing nety installations" above should be followed. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD -10 Site Design & Landscape Planning Redevelopment may present significant opportunity to add features which had not previously been implemented. Examples include incorporation of depressions, areas of permeable soils, and swales in newly redeveloped areas. While some site constraints may exist due to the status of already existing infrastructure, opportunities should not be missed to maximize infiltration, slow runoff, reduce impervious areas, disconnect directly connected impervious areas. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stornnvater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington, Washington State Department of Ecology, August 2001. Model Standard Urban Stonn Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, February 14, 2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District, and the Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft February 2003. Ventura Countywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stonnwater Quality Control Measures, July 2002. 4 of 4 California Stormwater BIdP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Roof Runoff Controls Rain Garden SD -11 Design Objectives Q Maximize Infiltration Q Provide Retention Q Slow Runoff Minimize Impervious Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials Q Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Description Various roof runoff controls are available to address stormwater that drains off rooftops. The objective is to reduce the total volume and rate of runoff from individual lots, and retain the pollutants on site that maybe picked up from roofing materials and atmospheric deposition. Roof runoff controls consist of directing the roof runoff away from paved areas and mitigating flow to the storm drain system through one of several general approaches: cisterns or rain barrels; dry wells or infiltration trenches; pop-up emitters, and foundation planting. I9re first three approaches require the roof runoff to be contained in a gutter and downspout system. Foundation planting provides a vegetated strip wider the drip line of the roof. Approach Design of individual lots for single -family homes as well as lots for higher density residential and commercial structures should consider site design provisions for containing and infiltrating roof runoff or directing roof runoff to vegetative swales or buffer areas. Retained water can be reused for watering gardens, lawns, and trees. Benefits to the environment include reduced demand for potable water used for irrigation, improved stormwater quality, increased groundwater recharge, decreased runoff volume and peak flows, and decreased flooding potential. Suitable Applications Appropriate applications include residential, commercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. Design Considerations Designing New Installations Cisterns or Rain Barrels One method of addressing roof runoff is to direct roof downspouts to cisterns or rain barrels. A cistern is an above ground storage vessel with either a manually operated valve or a permanently open outlet. Roof runoff is temporarily stored and then released for irrigation or infiltration between storms. The number of rain January 2003 Califomla Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbook.com SD -11 Roof Runoff Controls barrels needed is a function of the rooftop area. Some low impact developers recommend that every house have at least 2 rain barrels, with a minimum storage capacity of r000 liters. Roof barrels serve several purposes including mitigating the fust flush from the roof which has a high volume, amount of contaminants, and thermal load. Several types of rain barrels are commercially available. Consideration must be given to selecting rain barrels that are vector proof and childproof. In addition, some barrels are designed with a bypass valve that filters out grit and other contaminants and routes overflow to a soak -away pit or rain garden. If the cistern has an operable valve, the valve can be closed to store stormwater for irrigation or infiltration between storms. This system requires continual monitoring by the resident or grounds crews, but provides greater flexibility in water storage and metering. If a cistern is provided with an operable valve and water is stored inside for long periods, the cistern must be covered to prevent mosquitoes from breeding. A cistern system with a permanently open outlet can also provide for metering stormwater runoff. If the cistern outlet is significantly smaller than the size of the downspout inlet (say 114 to 1/2 inch diameter), runoff will build up inside the cistern during storms, and will empty out slowly after peak intensities subside. This is a feasible way to mitigate the peak flow increases caused by rooftop impervious land coverage, especially for the frequent, small storms. Dry wells and Infiltration Trenches Roof downspouts can be directed to dry wells or infiltration trenches. A dry wwell is constructed by excavating a hole in the ground and filling it with an open graded aggregate, and allowing the water to fill the dry well and infiltrate after the storm event. An underground connection from the downspout conveys water into the dry well, allowing it to be stored in the voids. To minimize sedimentation from lateral soil movement, the sides and top of the stone storage matrix can be wrapped in a permeable filter fabric, though the bottom may remain open. A perforated observation pipe can be inserted vertically into the dry well to allow for inspection and maintenance. In practice, dry wells receiving runoff from single roof downspouts have been successful over long periods because they contain very little sediment. They must be sized according to the amount of rooftop runoff received, but are typically 4 to 5 feet square, and 2 to 3 feet deep, with a minimum of r -foot soil cover over the top (maJdmmu depth of ro feet). To protect the foundation, dry wells must be set away front the building at least io feet. They must be installed in solids that accommodate infiltration. In poorly drained soils, drywells have very limited feasibility. Infiltration trenches function in a similar manner and would be particularly effective for larger roof areas. An infiltration trench is a long, narrow, rock -filled trench with no outlet that receives stormwater runoff. These are described under Treatment Controls. Pop -tip Drainage Emitter Roof downspouts can be directed to an underground pipe that daylights some distance from the building foundation, releasing the roof runoff through a pop -up emitter. Similar to a pop -up irrigation head, the emitter only opens when there is flow from the roof. The emitter remains flush to the ground during dry periods, for ease of lawn or landscape maintenance. 2 of 3 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbook.com Roof Runoff Controls SD -11 Foundation Planting Landscape planting can be provided around the base to allow increased opportunities for_ stornnvater infiltration and protect the soil from erosion caused by concentrated sheet flow coming off the roof. Foundation plantings can reduce the physical impact of water on the soil and provide a subsurface matrix of roots that encourage infiltration. These plantings must be sturdy enough to tolerate the heavy runoff sheet flows, and periodic soil saturation. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and /or exterior construction, and land disturbing activities with structural or impervious surfaces. The definition of" redevelopment" nmst be consulted to determine whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. If the definition applies, the steps outlined under `designing new installations" above should be followed. Supplemental Information Examples ■ City of Ottawa's Water Links Surface —Water Quality Protection Program ■ City of Toronto Downspout Disconnection Program ■ City of Boston, MA, Rain Barrel Demonstration Program Other Resources Hager, Marty Catherine, Stormwater, "Low- Impact Development ", January /February 2003. wwwstornlh2o.conr Low Impact Urban Design Tools, Low Impact Development Design Center, Beltsville, MD. www.lid- stormwater.net Start at the Source, Bay Area Stormwater Management Agencies Association, iggg Edition January 2003 California Stormwater BI4P Handbook 3 of 3 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbook.com Efficient Irrigation SD -12 Design Objectives p Maximize Infiltration p Provide Retention p Slow Runoff Minimize Impervious Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Description Irrigation water provided to landscaped areas may result in excess irrigation water being conveyed into storrnwater drainage systems. Approach Project plan designs for development and redevelopment should include application methods of irrigation water that minimize runoff of excess irrigation water into the stormwater conveyance system. Suitable Applications Appropriate applications include residential, commercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. (Detached residential single - family homes are typically excluded from this requirement.) Design Considerations Designing New Installations Ilie following methods to reduce excessive irrigation runoff should be considered, and incorporated and implemented where determined applicable and feasible by the Permittee: • Employ rain - triggered shutoff devices to prevent irrigation after precipitation. • Design irrigation systems to each landscape area's specific water requirements. • Include design featuring flow reducers or shutoff valves triggered by a pressure drop to control water loss in the event of broken sprinkler heads or lines. • Implement landscape plans consistent with County or City water conservation resolutions, which may include provision of water sensors, programmable irrigation times (for short cycles), etc. in ^ra- 1nx.aienm January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 2 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD -12 Efficient Irrigation ■ Design timing and application methods of irrigation water to minimize the runoff of excess irrigation water into the storm water drainage system. ■ Group plants with similar water requirements in order to reduce excess irrigation runoff and promote surface filtration. Choose plants with low irrigation requirements (for example, native or drought tolerant species). Consider design features such as: Using mulches (such as wood chips or bar) in planter areas without ground cover to minimize sediment in runoff Installing appropriate plant materials for the location, in accordance with amount of sunlight and climate, and use native plant materials where possible and /or as recommended by the landscape architect Leaving a vegetative barrier along the property boundary and interior watercourses, to act as a pollutant filter, where appropriate and feasible - Choosing plants that minimize or eliminate the use of fertilizer or pesticides to sustain growth ■ Employ other comparable, equally effective methods to reduce irrigation water runoff. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional storrunvater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and /or exterior construction, and land disturbing activities with structural or impervious surfaces. The definition of " redevelopment" must be consulted to deterv» ne whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. If the definition applies, the steps outlined under "designing new installations" above should be followed. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Model Standard Urban Stoma Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, February 14, 2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District, and the hncorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft February 2003. Ventura Countywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stormwater Quality Control Measures, July 2002. 2 of 2 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Storm Drain Signage SD -13 Design Objectives Maximize Infiltration Provide Retention Slow Runoff Minimize Impervious Land Coverage 0 Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Description Waste - materials dumped into storm drain inlets can have severe impacts on receiving and ground waters. Posting notices regarding discharge prohibitions at storm drain inlets can prevent waste dumping. Storm drain signs and stencils are highly visible source controls that are typically placed directly adjacent to storm drain inlets. Approach The stencil or affixed sign contains a brief statement that prohibits dumping of improper materials into the urban runoff conveyance system. Storm drain messages have become a popular method of alerting the public about the effects of and the prohibitions against waste disposal. Suitable Applications Stencils and signs alert the public to the destination of pollutants discharged to the storm drain. Signs are appropriate in residential, commercial, and industrial areas, as well as any other area where contributions or dumping to storm drains is likely. Design Considerations Storm drain message markers or placards are recommended at all storm drain inlets within the boundary of a development project. The marker should be placed in clear sight facing toward anyone approaching the inlet fivm either side. All storm drain inlet locations should be identified on the development site map. Designing New Installations The following methods should be considered for inclusion in the project design and show on project plans: ■ Provide stenciling or labeling of all storm drain inlets and catch basins, constructed or modified, within the project area with prohibitive language. Examples include "NO DUMPING lanuary 2003 California Stormwater BrdP Handbook 1 of 2 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD -13 Storm Drain Signage — DRAINS TO OCEAN" and /or other graphical icons to discourage illegal dumping ■ Post signs with prohibitive language and /or graphical icons, which prohibit illegal dumping at public access points along channels and creeks within the project area. Note - Some local agencies have approved specific signage and /or storm drain message placards for use. Consult local agency stormwater staff to determine specific requirements for placard types and methods of application. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stornnvater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment' in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and /or exterior construction, and land disturbing activities with structural or impervious surfaces. If the project meets the definition of "redevelopment', then the requirements stated under " designing new installations" above should be included in all project design plans. Additional Information Maintenance Considerations ■ Legibility of markers and signs should be maintained. If required by the agency with jurisdiction over the project, the owner /operator or homeommer's association should enter into a maintenance agreement with the agency or record a deed restriction upon the property title to maintain the legibility of placards or signs. Placement • Signage on top of curbs tends to weather and fade. • Signage on face of curbs tends to be worn by contact with vehicle tires and sweeper brooms. Supplemental Information Examples ■ Most MS4 programs have storm drain signage programs. Some MS4 programs will provide stencils, or arrange for volunteers to stencil stornn drains as part of their outreach program. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stornnvater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Model Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, February 14, 2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District, and the Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft February 2003. Ventura Countywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stormwater Quality Control Measures, July 2002. 2 of 2 Callfornla Stormwater BNP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Trash Storage Areas SD -32 Description Trash storage areas are areas where a trash receptacle (s) are located for use as a repository for solid wastes. Stormwater runoff from areas where trash is stored or disposed of can be polluted. In addition, loose trash and debris can be easily transported by water or wind into nearby storm drain inlets, channels, and /or creeks. Waste handling operations that may be sources of stormwater pollution include dumpsters, litter control, and waste piles. Approach This fact sheet contains details on the specific measures required to prevent or reduce pollutants in stormwater runoff associated with trash storage and handling. Preventative measures including enclosures, containment structures, and impervious pavements to mitigate spills, should be used to reduce the likelihood of contamination. Suitable Applications Design Objectives Maximize Infiltration Provide Retention Slow Runoff Minimize Impervious Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials 0 Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Appropriate applications include residential, commercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. (Detached residential single - family homes are typically excluded from this requirement.) Design Considerations Design requirements for waste handling areas are governed by Building and Fire Codes, and by current local agency ordinances and zoning requirements. The design criteria described in this fact sheet are meant to enhance and be consistent with these code and ordinance requirements. Hazardous waste should be handled in accordance with legal requirements established in Title 22, California Code of Regulation. Wastes from commercial and industrial sites are typically hauled by either public or commercial carriers that may have design or access requirements for waste storage areas. The design criteria in this fact sheet are recommendations and are not intended to be in conflict with requirements established by the waste hauler. The waste hauler should be contacted prior to the design of your site trash collection areas. Conflicts or issues should be discussed with the local agency. Designing New Installations Trash storage areas should be designed to consider the following structural or treatment control BMPs: ■ Design trash container areas so that drainage from adjoining roofs and pavement is diverted around the area(s) to avoid run -on. This might include berming or grading the waste handling area to prevent run-on of stormwater. ■ Make sure trash container areas are screened or walled to prevent off -site transport of trash. c � � ❑nn Cl � vrnnncaiTx January 2003 Callfornia Stonnwater BIdP Handbook 1 of 2 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD -32 Trash Storage Areas ■ Use lined bins or dumpsters to reduce leaking of liquid waste. • Provide roofs, awnings, or attached lids on all trash containers to minimize direct precipitation and prevent rainfall from entering containers. • Pave trash storage areas with an impervious surface to mitigate spills. • Do not locate storm drains in immediate vicinity of the trash storage area. • Post signs on all dumpsters informing users that hazardous materials are not to be disposed of therein. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and /or exterior construction, and land disturbing activities with structural or impervious surfaces. The definition of " redevelopment" must be consulted to determine whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. If the definition applies, the steps outlined under "designing new installations" above should be followed. Additional Information Maintenance Considerations The integrity of structural elements that are subject to damage (i.e., screens, covers, and signs) must be maintained by the owner /operator. Maintenance agreements between the local agency and the owner /operator may be required. Some agencies will require maintenance deed restrictions to be recorded of the property title. If required by the local agency, maintenance agreements or deed restrictions must be executed by the owner /operator before improvement plans are approved. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Model Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, February 34, 2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District, and the Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft February 2003. Ventura Countywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stormwater Quality Control Measures, July 2002. 2 of 2 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabrnphandbooks.com