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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSS2 - Overview of Building Code ChangesWhy Were the New Codes Adopted? The current codes used in California are based on model codes —the Uniform Codes —that are nine years old. The first edition of the uniform codes was published in 1922. For the first time in ten years, California will have a complete set of building codes based on the latest national model building codes, making use of the most current technologies and methods of construction, and reflecting the latest advances in building and fire safety. 2 2007 California Building Code 1997 UBC 2001 CBC (1997 UBC w /California amendments) 2006 IBC 2007 CBC (2006 IBC w /California amendments) Effective dates • Publication date July 4, 2007 cC'. • Enforcement date January 1, 2008 Developed by the International Code Council (ICC), the new California codes are based on the International Building Code and are the first complete building code updates for California since 1997. The first edition of the Uniform Building Code was published in 1922. iIA What are the NEW CODES` The 2007 California Building Standards Code, found in California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 24, effective January 1st, 2008 are: ■ Part 2, known as the 2007 California Building Code (CBC) (2006 International Building Code) ■ Part 3, known as the 2007 California Electrical Code (CEC) (2005 National Electric Code) ■ Part 4, known as the 2007 California Mechanical Code CMC) (2006 Uniform Mechanical Code) kJ -- 2!047 Califo(nia Bwildink Cole ;, . )4." `. } � `1- ■ Part 5, known as the 2007 California Plumbing Code (CPC) Ti�' . (2006 Uniform Plumbing Code) s ■ Part 6, known as the 2007 California Energy Code (CECS) (2005 Energy Commission Standards) 4 Local Adoption Process California Building Standards Code, California Code of regulations, Title 24(CCR, T -24) incorporating the latest editions of the model codes apply to all occupancies throughout the state. HSC § 18938(b). Adoption and amendments by local governments must provide a more restrictive building standards provided that express findings to support such changes due to local climatic, geological or topographical conditions. HSC §§ 18941.5 and 17958.7 5 IBC vs. UBC n IBC Utilize reference standards Performance -based One volume UBC Prescriptive provisions Restates standards in the code body Reference standards Three volumes :. Prescriptive and Performance - Based Codes Prescriptive Requirements Specification —Type requirements which have been empirically derived utilizing the accumulated judgment of a group of experts or by actual field experience. Example- Prescriptive "The maximum travel distance shall not exceed 150 feet " Prescriptive and Performance —Based Codes (continued) Performance -Based Code Describes the general objective of each area covered States the intended functional results of the code requirements Identifies the tools and methodologies to evaluate the functional results 0 Prescriptive and Performance — Based Codes (continued) Example - Performance Numerous types of brake systems can be used to stop a car. It doesn't matter which type is used, as long as the performance is acceptable. "Acceptable" is any system that safely stops the car while allowing the driver to maintain control of the car. 0 n These are structural standards that designers, architects, engineers and plan reviewers will need to have. Must Have Structural Standards Description ASCE 7 -05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings & Structures NDS 05 Wood Construction & NDS Supplement ACI 318 -05 Building Code Requirements & Commentary for Concrete ACI 530 -05 2005 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures AISC 325 -05 Steel Construction Manual -13th edition AISC 327 -05 Seismic Design Manual AF &PA National Design Specification for Wood Construction ASTM Standards: As Referenced in the 2006 IBC UL Referenced Standards 10 Referenced Structural Standards Number of pages in the structural chapters Size of Structural Chapters in the Codes (pages) 11 Ch 17 Inspections and Ch 19 Ch 20 Ch 22 Ch 23 Codes quality assurance Concrete Aluminum Steel Wood 2001 CBC (UBC) 4 88 18 35 106 2007 CBC (IBC) 16 11 1 3 76 11 -- What were some of the major changes that were made with the new codes? ■ As far as structural provisions are concerned, the most significant change is in the way structural loads are determined, most notably snow, wind and seismic loads that are based on the most current edition of Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7 -05). Another significant change in comparison to the Uniform Building Code is that the International Building Code references national standards for structural load determination and design. ■ On the non - structural side, the most significant change is the increase in design flexibility permitted for the installation of an automatic sprinkler system while maintaining an appropriate level of fire and life safety. In the IBC, the installation of automatic sprinkler systems can be used to reduce several code requirements in comparison to the UBC. 12 ■ Is there anything unique about the new codes for example, do they have more stringent seismic design standards compared to other codes in use else where in the country? ■ The new California Building Code is based on the 2006 International Building Code, the structural provisions are based on the most current national standards for structural loads and materials as well as the most current edition of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) provisions to mitigate losses from earthquake ground motion. ■ Seismic design in the new codes will involve assigning a given building a Seismic Design Category (SDC) vs. the old regional seismic zones. Code requirements will be SDC -driven ■ SDC is function of : Seismic ground motion (SS, S, ). Determined for each building based on zip code and latitude and longitude coordinates. Site soils conditions _. Occupancy category (use) of building 13 How do the new codes affect buildings that are already under construction? Or does it just affect future projects? ■ Projects that are in plan check and buildings that are already permitted and under construction are not affected by the new codes. HOWEVER, Once the new California codes become effective, all new building construction throughout California must comply with the new code provisions. ■ An addition /alteration for a building, only the new portion ingeneral, will be required to meet the new codes. ■ Non conforming conditions in an existing building undergoing alterations, tenant improvements or addition will represent many challenges since all new work must comply with current code that differ in approach than the codes the building was built under. 14 For companies that don't do construction in California, why are the new codes significant? California has historically been a trendsetter when it comes to building codes. This has an impact on other states. Also, California's use of the International Building Code has resulted in a more harmonized approach and will make it easier for manufacturers and design firms who provide products and services throughout the US. 15 Highlights of the Significant Changes to the California Codes Building Code Occupancy classifications have changed and are generally no longer occupant load - driven. Examples: Educational occupancies used to be E -1, E -2 and E -3. The new classification will be E only. Residential occupancies R -1 (transient) Hotels /Motels !E�30 -days R -2 (non- transient) Apartments /Condos Hotels /Motels >30 -days ilD General Building Heights and Areas The new code has much larger allowable floor areas than UBC with many modifiers. F. Building heights have changed and can be increased with modifiers. * The State Fire Marshal made changes to the building code to limit certain increases to the SFM regulated occupancies. The types of construction designations have changed as follows: UBC I F.R II F.R II 1 hr II -N III I hr III -N IV V I hr V -N IBC IA IB IIA IIB 11IA IIIB IV VA VB 17 Area Example 1 Building A: 3- stories Type III -A construction All floors have equal area Ist floor is retail store 2nd & 3rd floors are office Building is fully sprinklered Is Area Example 1 ■ Mercantile (Group M) At= 18,500 ■ Office (Group B) LI A,= 28,500 ■ If [(195/5l0)- 0.25](30/30) ■ If 0.132 • IS 2 • For M Occupancy: AQ= 18,500 +[(18,500 *0.132) ] +[(18, 500 *2)] ❑ AQ= 57,942 sqft • For B Occupancy: ❑ AQ =28, 500 +[(28, 500 *0.132)] + [(28, 500 *2)] AQ= 89,262 sq ft Check Total Building Area: = 0.102 < 1.0 • Building Area is OK 19 ^N V Separation of Occupancies and Uses Now there are three ways to address this requirements. Building designers may decide which way they choose to follow and must highlight that in the plans to achieve the level of performance intended 20 Significant Reductions in Fire - Resistance of Building Elements Method of determination of exterior wall rating and openings have changed and the rating generally has been reduced. The distance from the property line where a wall is required to be rated has changed. This will impact single family dwellings in Newport Beach on narrow lots. ■ Previously the code required walls to be one hour rated when they are three feet or less form the PL. The new code will require this rating for walls when the distance five feet or less. ■ The new code will allow a mix of protected and unprotected openings on exterior walls. All building fire walls and fire separations terminology have changed and its ratings are generally reduced. Many options are available to use these building elements depending on the design choice. 21 ■ ■ ■ Significant Changes to the Fire Sprinklers System Requirements A building can be divided to "Fire Areas" to avoid the fire sprinklers requirements. The size of these fire areas depends on the occupancy. In Newport Beach our threshold for sprinklers is 5, 000 sq. ft. which will nullify that option. Residential occupancies except single - family dwellings must be sprinklered regardless of the size and the 5,000 sq. ft. threshold will no longer apply. For example a small motel or a triplex that is 4,500 sq. ft. will now have to be sprinklered. There are now many benefits (rewards) to the installation of sprinklers systems throughout the code. 22 Other Changes ■ Changes to exiting requirements dependent on the number of people and the path of travel to exits. Several design options are available to minimize the use of corridors. The number of stairs required for SFD will be one regardless of the number of stories and the building size. In spite of the reduction in safety this will be a welcome change by the design professionals especially for projects on narrow lots. ■ The size of the stairs risers and treads are now a maximum of 73/4" and a minimum of 10" vs. 8" and 9" respectively. This change will result in longer stairways using more floor area. ■ The guard rail heights are 42 ". The exception for SFD to allow 36" is removed. 23 Newport Beach Building Code Significant Amendments Several requirements relating to the Special Fire Protection Zone construction standards and fire sprinklers were carried over from the current Newport Beach code and correlated with the fire code. Roofing classification requirements were carried over from the current Newport Beach code. Several structural amendments are proposed to address seismic requirements. Pool barrier requirement were carried over form the current Newport Beach code. �Z- f 2007 California Electrical Code Where are the changes? Article 210.8 (B) now extends the locations where ground fault circuit interrupter (G.F.C.I.) protection is required to occupancies other than dwelling units. Locations such as commercial kitchens, bathrooms, rooftops, and outdoor receptacles now will require G.F.C.I. protection where it was previously limited to dwelling units. • Adopt Article 89, Section 89.108.4.1 which spells out what work requires an electrical permit and what would be exempt. • Adopt Annex A to include the various product standards. • Adopt Annex B which includes the information necessary for capacity calculations. • Adopt Annex C which includes the tables necessary to determine conduit and tubing fill capacity. 25 2007 California Mechanical Code Where are the changes? ■ Major changes in Chapters - complete rewrite to match NFPA: 5 (exhaust systems- kitchen ventilation) 8 (flue venting) ■ Moderate changes in Chapters: ❑ 3 (fuel gas connectors) 7 (combustion air) 9 (equipment) ■ Minor changes in Chapters: 6 (ducts) 10 (boilers) 11 (refrigeration) 12 (hydronics) Newport Beach Amendments ■ Adopt Appendix A relating to standards for installation of factory -made air ducts 26 2007 California Plumbing Code Where are the changes? ■ Major Changes in Chapters — Complete rewrite to match NFPA 5 — (Water Heaters) 12 — (Fuel Gas Piping) 13 — (Health Care — Med Gas and Vacuum) ■ Moderate Changes in Chapters ❑ 4 — (Fixtures and Fittings) 6 — (Water Supply) 10 — (Traps / Grease Interceptors) I I — (Storm Drainage) ■ Minor Changes in Chapters El 7 — (Sanitary Drainage) ❑ 8 — (Indirect Waste) E 9 — (Vents) ■ New Chapter 16 — (Gray Water Systems) 27 Newport Beach Plumbing Code Amendments • Adopt Appendix A (Recommended Rules for Sizing the Water Pipe System) • Adopt Appendix B (Explanatory Notes on Combination Waste and Vent Systems) • Adopt Appendix D (Sizing Stormwater Drainage Systems) • Adopt Appendix E (Manufactured/ Mobile Home Parks) • Adopt Appendix F (Firefighter Breathing Air Replenishment Systems) • Adopt Appendix G (Graywater Systems) ■ Replace Table 6 -4 with amended Table 6 -4 to permit the use of plastic piping for main and water distribution systems. ■ Amend Section 1209.5.1.1 Materials to read: Materials used for piping systems shall comply with the requirements of this chapter or shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. (NFPA 54:5.6.1.1) Only Polyethylene (PE) pipe shall be used in below ground locations. 28 Impact on Plan Review ■ New Construction The new codes allow several design options for compliance. The design approach must be established beforehand and clearly indicated on the project documents in order for a commensurate plan review process is followed. More information will be required on the plans as to the performance standards specified. Alternative design options or materials will have to be evaluated before or in early stages of plan review. Technical knowledge and judgment will be required relative to the current straight prescriptive application of the code. ■ Additions and Alterations Non- conforming conditions must be identified and the building evaluated in whole to determine whether the application of the new code on the added or altered portion will impact any life safety components of the exiting portions. 29 Impact on Inspections ■ Inspections and testing J Material standards and specifications will have to be sought by the inspector in order to verify its applicability or adequacy for use in the field. Test standards are no longer in the code ■ Acceptance Acceptance and approval of construction will require a higher level of judgment. J Inspection duration will increase significantly to verify compliance with more detailed requirements on plans. An example will be the use of certain percentage of unprotected and protected windows in one exterior wall. Ki11 QUESTIONS 9%1" ANSWERS PEE 31